Abstract: In order to reduce stubble burning, to control pollution and to increase usage of stubble remaining after harvest, using double factor randomized block design method to study the effect on economic benefits of multiple cropping rape after wheat harvest under different fertilizations and straw returning applications on standing stubble, crushing, incineration at irrigation district in Hexi corridor of Gansu Province. The results showed that, the yield of wheat and rape increased on 3 kinds of wheat straw application than traditional measures of low stubble reaping, the yield of wheat was the highest by the returning on crushing, and the yield of rapeseed was the highest by the returning on the incineration in all of the treatments. Total production value, labor productivity was the highest by high fertilization, wheat stalk the returning on crushing, reached 26752 yuan/hm2 and 59.45 yuan/labor day. Net income, net land productivity and output and input ratio was the highest by wheat straw returning applications on incineration and usage of fertilizer reduced 15%, reached 20346 yuan/hm2, 11346 yuan/hm2 and 1.76, the yield and economic of between benefit index did not differ significantly between same straw processing when the usage of fertilizer reduced 15%. After analysis of comprehensive factors about raise economic benefits, ecological benefits and protect environment, it was proved to be feasible that fertilization of chemical fertilizer decreased 15% with current high fertilization levels in production. Showed that scheme was recommended that sowing rape after wheat harvest leaving high stubble 20-25 cm and crushing returning with rotary cultivator.