Abstract: To understand the effects of major agronomic traits on the productivity per plant in peanut, the combined methods with phenotypic correlation analysis and grey relation analysis were used to analyze the relationship between 12 agronomic traits and productivity per plant of 126 varieties from 5 countries. The results showed that, pods per plant and sound pods per plant had the largest influence to productivity per plant, No. of pod branches and 100-kernel weight had a second influence to productivity per plant. While plant height, length of subbranches, shelling percentage and pods per kilogram had a little influence to productivity per plant. But phenotypic correlation coefficients, genetic correlation coefficients and environmental correlation coefficients were basically consistent with values between pods per plant, sound pods per plant, No. of pod branches and productivity per plant. Environmental correlation coefficients (0.185) was significantly smaller than phenotypic correlation coefficients (0.521), genetic correlation coefficients (0.650) between 100-kernel weight and productivity per plant. Moreover, from heritability in the broad sense of single trait view, heritability in the broad sense with pods per plant, sound pods per plant and No. of pod branches were less than 50%, yet heritability in the broad sense of 100-kernel weight was 88.8%. Overall, when breeding new variety was prior to choose kernel were weightier. Then we should consider these varieties with higher pods per plant, sound pods per plant and No. of pod branches. Moreover, we should take into account environment factor effect on pods per plant, sound pods per plant and No. of pod branches when breeding new peanut varieties with high yield by these traits.