Abstract: In recent years, frequent drought occurred in South China and result in great damage to the agricultural production and the lives of the people. In order to promote the development of dry farming and guarantee the food and cash crops security in South China, the current situation and significance of the development of dry farming in South China were reviewed; the main existing problems of the development of dry farming in South China were analyzed in detail, the countermeasures of the development of dry farming in South China were also recommended, which included enhance the construction of farmland engineering, drought resistance breeding, look for technology of drought resistance and water conservation, improve water use efficiency by rain-collecting and water-saving irrigation technology.