Abstract: To study the correlation of main plant characters and yield per plant of maize inbred lines, representative male and female inbred lines were selected by random block design, and the main plant characters and yield per plant were measured. The results showed that, number of rows per ear, kernels per row, ear height, tassel branch number, internode length were positive correlation with yield per plant significantly, number of rows per ear and yield per plant were the strongest correlation, the correlation coefficient was 0.8824. Plant height and internode length, ear height (r=0.7372), number of rows per ear and tassel branch were significantly positive correlation. The ear length and 100-grain weight was significantly positive correlation (r=0.6631). The rate of seed grain number per row was significantly positive correlation with the number of rows per ear. In the breeding process of inbred lines, number of rows per ear, kernels per row, ear characters affected the inbred lines of yield per plant directly, but plant height and so on were also key traits of inbred line breeding, the selection of inbred lines should consider both characters of plant and characters of panicle so as to obtain high-yielding varieties which are middle plant types with and big spikes. selection of inbred lines to both characters and plant characters of panicle, to obtain good plant type varieties with high-yielding and big spike type.