Abstract: It is particularly important and difficult to explore scientific national agricultural policy support for the fragile agricultural industry to cope with meteorological disasters in the context of climate change. China and India are both developing countries and their agriculture is endangered by the meteorological disasters. It could provide some reference for China by analysis of India's agricultural insurance development. At the stage of focusing on crop yield, India established State-owned specialized agricultural insurance company by legislation and provided many insurance services and premium subsidies to facilitate agricultural insurance business and improve operational efficiency, but the coverage was limited. At the stage of meteorological index insurance development, India’s agricultural insurance made some progress in extension for transparent and objective index of climate features and suitable marketing network, but these indices and farmers loss were not completely correlated and could led to farmers’ heavy loss and sometimes hopeless claims. At the stage of crop yield and meteorological index combination development stage, the yield and the meteorological index complemented each other and brought in agricultural insurance's improvement of coverage and claims efficiency and the government's strong support. India’s agricultural insurance development had some suggestions for China. Firstly, agricultural insurance was inextricably linked to meteorological hazard, the more obvious correlation between yield and weather index insurance, the greater development potential. Secondly, the introduction of competition mechanism could improve agricultural insurance’s efficiency and coverage since agricultural insurance was green box policy for government to support agricultural development. Thirdly, because China's per capita GNI was more than 3 times as that of India's and China had more superior political institution, the development of China's agricultural insurance should be better.