Abstract: The improvement of rural human settlement is an important part of the coordinated urban- rural development program and it is the key to beautiful countryside construction as well. The author used a people-centered angle, took Yujian village of Nancheng street of Tongliang district in Chongqing city as an example, examined villagers’ satisfaction degree and the optimized direction through villagers’ people- centered approach and quantitative mathematical model. The results showed that the villagers generally demonstrated modest satisfaction with their settlement environment. In terms of soft environment system, they showed modest satisfaction with social environment, but dissatisfaction with economic environment; in terms of hard environment, facility environment and ecological environment contributed the most to the overall satisfaction. In conclusion, the optimization of rural human settlement environment needed overall arrangement and planning. The optimized countermeasures proposed in this study had common reference for the building of rural human settlement environment in mountainous and hilly land.