Abstract: With the rapid development of modern industry and agriculture, soil heavy metal pollution has become an important environmental problem, which needs to be solved urgently. Metal ions can be retained in the soil by sorption, precipitation, and complexation reactions. In situ stabilization technique was not to alter the total concentrations of heavy metals in soil, but to reduce the available fractions, mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals by addition of amendments with the reactions of dissolution/precipitation, exchange/adsorption, oxidation/reduction and organic complex. This method has been considered as a cost-effective and operation-easy measure, which is suitable for soil remediation at a large scale. Numerous amendments including inorganic materials such as liming materials, silicon rich materials, phosphate compounds, organic matter, metal oxides, clayey mineral, biochar, and other materials. This paper summarized the remediation effects and mechanisms of amendments on heavy metals polluted soils and chemical and biological evaluation methods of amending efficient. Last, the paper present the main problems and prospects of this technique on account of environmental risks, evaluation system, new products, and research methods. We proposed that future work should focus on the potential risks of immobilization amendments applied to the soil-crop system and its long-term effect on field and new products with high and multi efficiency.