Abstract: Through the comparative experiment，four sorts of soils included greenhouse soil, secondary salinization soil, farmland and salted soils in Cixi suburb were investigated in order to verify the affect of farming modes on microbial community distribution and activities and on the cause of soil secondary salinization．The soil sampled from the layer of the land in 5-15cm depth. And the parameters such as diversity of microbial community, the soil properties, soil respiration in different soil sample were analyzed. Results showed that the farming mode has important effect on organic material, salinity and nitrate content in soil. Facility cultivation mode may help increase the organic matter content and microbial populations in short period, but lead to the soil salinity accumulating in more years. The open-air and greenhouse cropping pattern can help to increase the quantity and the sort of microbes in soil. Although the closed cultivation mode is good for the increase of soil microbial community, but the accumulation of soil salinity in layer soil causes the degradation of microbial species and capacity, thus causes salinization of soil. Therefore, open and closed alternate farming mode is a good choice for improving the rhizosphere soil environment for different type and degree saline-alkali soil.