Abstract: Land and population are important parts of urbanization. It is meaningful for the sustainable development of cities to study the coordinated development of land urbanization and population urbanization. The author chooses Harbin as the study area. On the one hand, this paper analyzes the coordinated development of population urbanization and land urbanization in Harbin between 2005 and 2014 by using many ways such as factor analysis, coordination index model and so on. On the other hand, the index system for the coordination evaluation of land urbanization and population urbanization in the research area is constructed separately by the urbanization of population and land. The results are shown as follows: First of all, the urbanization index about population and land are on the rise, and the urban development is transformed from the backward type of land to the population. Secondly, the development state of population urbanization and land urbanization is transitioned from the disordered class to the transition class. Thirdly, it is of great significance to the healthy development of Harbin by deepening the reform of the household registration system, adjusting the industrial structure, using the land resources rationally and reasonable planning.