Abstract: Land use structure determines the intensity of human energy activities and carbon sequestration of carbon source. To achieve low carbon development, the carbon effect of land use structure is evaluated. Taking Hebei Province as an example, the carbon source and carbon sink of different land use structures were studied, and the carbon emission effects of various land use types in Hebei and the spatial distribution of carbon emissions in different cities from 2006 to 2015 were comprehensively evaluated, from two angles of time and space, by taking the methods of statistical analysis and qualitative and quantitative analysis, and using ArcGIS software mapping. The results showed that the spatial and temporal differences of carbon emissions in Hebei were relatively large. The regions with relatively high carbon emissions were mainly concentrated in Tangshan, Shijiazhuang and Handan. By studying the current situation of carbon emission in Hebei, this paper put forward suggestions on the sustainable development of low carbon from the aspects of energy consumption structure, industrial layout structure, land use structure and so on. The research results could have certain theoretical significance for the low carbon sustainable development in Hebei Province.