Effects of Rice Field Fertilizer Reduction on Wheat Straw Decomposition

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0405

Abstract

Abstract:

The cumulative release rate and average release rate of straw residues, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and cellulosic carbohydrates during the decomposition of wheat straw were investigated under the condition of the same amount of fertilizer reduction in rice field. Total nitrogen was determined by H₂SO₄-H₂O₂ digestion-distillation method, total phosphorus by molybdenum-antimony anticolorimetry, total potassium by flame photometric method, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin by colorimetric method. The residual rate, cumulative release rate and average release rate of straw were calculated, and the decay dynamics of straw were fitted with modified Olson exponential decay model. The results showed that fertilization could promote the decomposition of wheat straw in the rice field and reduce the residual rate of straw. Meanwhile, the modified Olson exponential decay model was used to simulate the decomposition process of straw. It was shown that the theoretical prediction time of 50% straw decomposition under CK and F₅₀ treatment was shortened by 22 days and 12 days respectively compared with CK₀ treatment. The theoretical prediction time of 95% straw decomposition under CK and F₅₀ treatment was reduced by 95 days and 59 days compared with CK₀ treatment, respectively. Fertilizer application could promote the cumulative carbohydrates release rate and the average release rate of straw nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and fiber, in which, the fertilizer reduction had the least effect on the cumulative release rate of potassium, the average release rate of NPK nutrients was relatively quick in the early stage, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin had longer release period. In rice-wheat rotation system, fertilizer application could promote the cumulative and average release rate of N, P, K and cellulose carbohydrate of wheat straw, and the study could provide theoretical support for fertilizer utilization of wheat straw.

Key words: decomposition pattern, straw, fertilizer, rice field, release rate, residual rate

CLC Number:

S343.2

Xin Caiyun, Wang Yu, Zhao Qinglei, Ma Hui. Effects of Rice Field Fertilizer Reduction on Wheat Straw Decomposition[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(13): 8-13.

Figures/Tables 6

References 28

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处理	0 d	15 d	30 d	45 d	60 d	75 d	90 d	105 d	120 d
CK₀	100a	86.11a	73.73a	62.82a	58.40a	50.47a	46.13a	42.73a	40.60a
CK	100a	78.40b	67.27a	58.53b	49.33a	37.47b	35.60b	33.33b	30.53b
F₅₀	100a	81.63ab	68.73a	60.33b	56.27a	48.20b	40.27b	35.60ab	33.93b

处理	0 d	15 d	30 d	45 d	60 d	75 d	90 d	105 d	120 d
CK₀	100a	86.11a	73.73a	62.82a	58.40a	50.47a	46.13a	42.73a	40.60a
CK	100a	78.40b	67.27a	58.53b	49.33a	37.47b	35.60b	33.33b	30.53b
F₅₀	100a	81.63ab	68.73a	60.33b	56.27a	48.20b	40.27b	35.60ab	33.93b

处理	腐解方程	R²	K	T₅₀/d	T₉₅/d
CK₀	y=94.098e^-0.00763^x	0.9780	0.00763	83	385
CK	y=91.869e^-0.01003^x	0.9696	0.01003	61	290
F₅₀	y=94.099e^-0.00901^x	0.9876	0.00901	71	326

处理	腐解方程	R²	K	T₅₀/d	T₉₅/d
CK₀	y=94.098e^-0.00763^x	0.9780	0.00763	83	385
CK	y=91.869e^-0.01003^x	0.9696	0.01003	61	290
F₅₀	y=94.099e^-0.00901^x	0.9876	0.00901	71	326

处理		30 d	60 d	90 d	120 d
N	CK₀	10.04	12.21	23.92	34.06
	CK	17.94	40.62	48.25	53.02
	F₅₀	14.82	29.33	35.75	51.31
P	CK₀	27.14	29.68	35.63	38.45
	CK	50.82	55.96	62.97	69.48
	F₅₀	35.74	41.99	42.63	44.87
K	CK₀	72.58	88.19	89.96	92.33
	CK	85.33	91.96	94.18	95.88
	F₅₀	83.89	88.78	93.33	93.64