Comparative Study on Tetraploid Induction of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin with Oryzalin and Colchicine

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0581

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the induction effect of different mutagens on Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin (TKS), the seedlings of TKS were used as materials, the polyploid induction effects of different concentrations and treatment time of oryzalin and colchicine on TKS were analyzed, and the changes of morphological characteristics of polyploid TKS were studied using the buds soaking method. The results showed that, the seedling rate (60%-75%) and the highest mutation rate (14.08%) of the TKS treated with oryzalin were both higher than those of colchicine (0-59% and 5.56%), respectively. The chimera rate (27.27%) treated with oryzalin was lower than that of colchicine (75.00%). The treatment with 0.04 mmol/L oryzalin for 30 min was the optimal condition for TKS tetraploid induction, the seedling rate was 71.00% and the induction rate was 14.08%. Therefore, colchicine was more suitable for TKS polyploid induction than colchicine. The leaf thickness, stomata size in the lower epidermis, flower size and seed size of tetraploid TKS plants were significantly larger than those of wild-type diploid plants, and stomatal density was significantly less than that of wild-type plants. These morphological characteristics could assist the rapid screening and identification of polyploid TKS. The induction effect of two mutagens on TKS was preliminarily explored in this study, which could provide a theoretical basis and technical support for TKS polyploid breeding in the future.

Key words: Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin (TKS), oryzalin, colchicine, tetraploid, polyploid induction

CLC Number:

S576

Yang Yushuang, Qin Bi, Zhang Jichuan, Zhang Liqun, Nie Qiuhai, Liu Shizhong. Comparative Study on Tetraploid Induction of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin with Oryzalin and Colchicine[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(20): 35-41.

Figures/Tables 5

References 30

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处理药剂	处理浓度	处理时间	处理株数	成苗株数	成苗率/%	变异株数		诱导率/%	嵌合体率/%
处理药剂	处理浓度	处理时间	处理株数	成苗株数	成苗率/%	四倍体数	嵌合体数	诱导率/%	嵌合体率/%
CK		30 min	100	100	100.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
秋水仙素	0.05%	30 min	100	59	59.00	1	1	3.39	75.00
		1 h	100	50	50.00	0	1	2.00
		2 h	100	51	51.00	0	1	1.96
		4 h	100	46	46.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	39	39.00	0	0	0
	0.10%	30 min	100	36	36.00	0	2	5.56
		1 h	100	38	38.00	1	0	2.63
		2 h	100	41	41.00	0	1	2.43
		4 h	100	28	28.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	25	25.00	0	0	0
	0.20%	30 min	100	37	37.00	0	0	0
		1 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		2 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		4 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
氨磺灵	0.01 mmol/L	30 min	100	75	75.00	2	1	4.00	27.27
		1 h	100	70	70.00	1	1	2.84
		2 h	100	70	70.00	1	0	1.42
		4 h	100	69	69.00	1	0	1.45
		8 h	100	60	60.00	0	0	0
	0.02 mmol/L	30 min	100	71	71.00	2	1	4.23
		1 h	100	69	69.00	2	0	2.90
		2 h	100	63	63.00	1	0	1.59
		4 h	100	63	63.00	1	0	1.59
		8 h	100	60	60.00	0	0	0
	0.04 mmol/L	30 min	100	71	71.00	8	2	14.08
		1 h	100	71	71.00	3	2	7.04
		2 h	100	69	69.00	1	2	4.35
		4 h	100	69	69.00	1	1	2.90
		8 h	100	68	68.00	2	0	2.94
	0.08 mmol/L	30 min	100	72	72.00	3	1	5.56
		1 h	100	71	71.00	2	1	4.23
		2 h	100	70	70.00	2	1	4.17
		4 h	100	68	68.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	61	61.00	0	0	0

处理药剂	处理浓度	处理时间	处理株数	成苗株数	成苗率/%	变异株数		诱导率/%	嵌合体率/%
处理药剂	处理浓度	处理时间	处理株数	成苗株数	成苗率/%	四倍体数	嵌合体数	诱导率/%	嵌合体率/%
CK		30 min	100	100	100.00	0	0	0.00	0.00
秋水仙素	0.05%	30 min	100	59	59.00	1	1	3.39	75.00
		1 h	100	50	50.00	0	1	2.00
		2 h	100	51	51.00	0	1	1.96
		4 h	100	46	46.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	39	39.00	0	0	0
	0.10%	30 min	100	36	36.00	0	2	5.56
		1 h	100	38	38.00	1	0	2.63
		2 h	100	41	41.00	0	1	2.43
		4 h	100	28	28.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	25	25.00	0	0	0
	0.20%	30 min	100	37	37.00	0	0	0
		1 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		2 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		4 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	0	0.00	0	0	0
氨磺灵	0.01 mmol/L	30 min	100	75	75.00	2	1	4.00	27.27
		1 h	100	70	70.00	1	1	2.84
		2 h	100	70	70.00	1	0	1.42
		4 h	100	69	69.00	1	0	1.45
		8 h	100	60	60.00	0	0	0
	0.02 mmol/L	30 min	100	71	71.00	2	1	4.23
		1 h	100	69	69.00	2	0	2.90
		2 h	100	63	63.00	1	0	1.59
		4 h	100	63	63.00	1	0	1.59
		8 h	100	60	60.00	0	0	0
	0.04 mmol/L	30 min	100	71	71.00	8	2	14.08
		1 h	100	71	71.00	3	2	7.04
		2 h	100	69	69.00	1	2	4.35
		4 h	100	69	69.00	1	1	2.90
		8 h	100	68	68.00	2	0	2.94
	0.08 mmol/L	30 min	100	72	72.00	3	1	5.56
		1 h	100	71	71.00	2	1	4.23
		2 h	100	70	70.00	2	1	4.17
		4 h	100	68	68.00	0	0	0
		8 h	100	61	61.00	0	0	0

形态特征	参数	二倍体(2×)	四倍体(4×)
气孔	气孔密度/(No/mm²)	39	30^**
	气孔长/μm	16.87	20.67^**
	气孔宽/μm	6.77	9.07^*
叶片形态	叶片长度/cm	14.64	14.39
	叶片宽度/cm	2.51	2.48
	叶厚度/mm	0.77	1.43^**
	叶型指数	5.89	5.82
花	花苞长度/cm	1.72	1.75
	花苞直径/cm	2.68	3.31^**
	花柄直径 /mm	1.55	2.12^**
种子	粒长/cm	0.48	0.66^**
种子	粒宽/cm	0.12	0.17^**

形态特征	参数	二倍体(2×)	四倍体(4×)
气孔	气孔密度/(No/mm²)	39	30^**
	气孔长/μm	16.87	20.67^**
	气孔宽/μm	6.77	9.07^*
叶片形态	叶片长度/cm	14.64	14.39
	叶片宽度/cm	2.51	2.48
	叶厚度/mm	0.77	1.43^**
	叶型指数	5.89	5.82
花	花苞长度/cm	1.72	1.75
	花苞直径/cm	2.68	3.31^**
	花柄直径 /mm	1.55	2.12^**
种子	粒长/cm	0.48	0.66^**
种子	粒宽/cm	0.12	0.17^**