Abstract:

To grasp the indicative climatic characteristics of plant phenology, based on the natural phenology and meteorological observation data of No.8 Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, we studied the woody plants in this area from 1980 to 2018 using linear regression, correlation analysis and Mann-Kendall mutation test. Spring phenology characteristics of Salix matsudana, elm and Populus japonica and their response to temperature changes were explored. The results showed that the spring phenology of Salix matsudana, elm and Populus sylvestris had an obvious advancing trend. The initial stage of leaf and the flowering period of Salix matsudana were earlier by 2.9 days and 2.7 days every 10 years on average, after the mutation in 2004, they were earlier by 4-5 days on average. The two periods of the elm were earlier by 5.6 days and 1.3 days every 10 years on average. After the mutation in 2004, they were earlier by 9 days and 5 days. On average, the initial stage of leaf of Populus japonica was earlier by 2.7 days every 10 years, and it was earlier by 4 days after the mutation in 2004. The average temperature from March to April was significantly and negatively related with the spring phenology of Salix matsudana, elm, and Populus sylvestris. The temperature had the most significant effect on the woody phenology during the one or two months (March and April) before the phenology. When the average temperature in the research area increased from March to April by 1℃, the beginning stage of leaf and the flowering period of Salix matsudana were earlier by 1.8 days, respectively, and those of elm were earlier by 2.9 and 1.8 days, and the beginning stage of leaf of Populus sylvestris was earlier by 1.9 days. In summary, the advancing of spring phenological period of woody plants under climate warming in the research area has become a reality, which has good effect on agricultural time forecasting for local agricultural production. The results could provide references for local ecosystem protection, agricultural structure adjustment, and tourism industry development.

Key words: woody plants, phenological period, climate change, response