Abstract:

In order to improve the scientific management of fertilization in potato cultivation and build a green (environment-friendly) and efficient fertilization mode in arid areas of China, three treatments were set up in field experiment, including traditional fertilization (CK), chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer substitution (FRS), and FRS plus trace elements and straw compensation (GFA). The effects of the three treatments on potato growth, SPAD value, yield, economic benefit, efficiency-increasing potential and quality were studied. The results showed that the plant height, economic yield and economic benefit of FRS were slightly higher than those of CK, the difference was not significant, and the efficiency-increasing potential was negative. However, the plant height, SPAD value, yield, economic benefit and quality of potato under GFA significantly increased, and compared with those of CK, the yield in Hanwan village, Sanhe village and Huyang village increased by 10.80%, 4.34% and 11.73% respectively; the economic benefit increased by 9.47%, 0.01% and 12.29% respectively, dry matter content increased by 10.66%, 11.67% and 6.00% respectively, crude starch content increased by 13.57%, 23.17% and 13.18% respectively, vitamin C content increased by 5.76%, 6.25% and 6.64% respectively, and the efficiency-increasing potential was 0.94, 0.01 and 0.97 respectively. Taken together, GFA could effectively promote the yield and quality of potato in arid areas, and has a certain efficiency-increasing potential. It is a green and efficient fertilization management mode for popularization in arid areas of China.

Key words: arid area, potato, fertilizer reduction, green substitution, fertilization management