Abstract:

The purpose is to effectively reduce the rolling damage to rice stubble caused by mechanized harvesting in the main-crop (MC), and to improve the yield and productivity effect in the ratoon-crop (RC). Through the large area comparison test of narrowing harvester track and wide-narrow row planting, the effect of wide-narrow row planting on the biomass of the main-crop was investigated, and the damage reduction effect of narrowing harvester track was verified. The results showed that, compared with equal row planting, wide-narrow row planting effectively increased the biomass, panicle rate and yield of rice in main-crop. At the same time, wide-narrow row planting could effectively reduce the rolling area of the harvester track on residual stubble, reduce the yield loss of ratoon-crop caused by harvester rolling, and realize yield and efficiency increase simultaneously. The total yield of 16,309.22 kg/hm² in the two seasons (MC+RC) could be achieved by adopting narrowing harvester track and wide-narrow row planting, which was 2,206.2 kg/hm² higher than that of the control, with an increase of 15.64%. The yield of wide-narrow row planting in ratoon-crop was 5,897.87 kg/hm², which was 807.41 kg/hm² higher than that of the control, with an increase of 15.86%. Using narrowing harvester track could reduce the yield loss of ratoon-crop by 1288.16 kg/hm² compared with the wide harvester track, and the damage rate decrease was 19.8%. The technical model established by the study is of low cost, easy operation and good effect, and suitable for promotion in ratooning rice production areas in hilly and mountainous areas.

Key words: mechanized harvesting of ratooning rice, harvester track, narrowing harvester track, wide-narrow row planting