Effects of High Temperature at Booting Stage on Physiological Characteristics and Yield Traits of Rice

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1054

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of high temperature on physiological and biochemical characteristics and yield traits of rice at booting stage, and to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the harm of high temperature to rice at booting stage during rice growth and development, ‘Taiyou 553’ and ‘Longjingyou 1212’ were taken as materials, the effects of different temperatures at booting stage on physiological characteristics and yield traits of rice were studied by using artificial climate chamber of 29℃, 32℃, 35℃ and 38℃ for 7 days at IV-VI stage of young panicle differentiation, and natural temperature condition in field at the same time was used as control (CK, average temperature of 30.6℃). Compared with the control, 38℃ treatment significantly decreased the fertile pollen number and fertility rate of ‘Taiyou 553’ and ‘Longjingyou 1212’, and the fertility rate decreased by 60.2 % and 54.7 %, respectively. With the increase of temperature, the content of proline and malonaldehyde (MDA) of the two varieties showed an upward trend, which were significantly higher than those of CK and other treatments at 38℃. The peroxidase (POD) activity showed a trend of first increase and then decrease. High temperature treatment significantly reduced seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight and the yield of the two varieties, and had little effect on effective panicles. High temperature at booting stage of rice can significantly reduce the number of fertile pollen and fertility rate, and affect the change of physiological indexes of young panicles, resulting in the decrease of seed setting rate and yield. Different varieties have different responses to high temperature damage.

Key words: rice booting stage, temperature, physiological characteristics, yield

CLC Number:

S3-33

WANG Ming, WU Hui, SUN Xiaocheng, JIANG Xiaojun, LEI Gannong, TAO Wei, BAI Changqing, XU Min. Effects of High Temperature at Booting Stage on Physiological Characteristics and Yield Traits of Rice[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(30): 1-5.

Figures/Tables 5

References 28

[1]	张桂莲, 陈立云, 张顺堂, 等. 高温胁迫对水稻花器官和产量构成要素及稻米品质的影响[J]. 湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版, 2007, 33(2):132-136.
[2]	王云霞, 杨连新. 水稻品质对主要气候变化因子的响应[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 39(4):822-833.
[3]	BAkKER J T, ALLEN L H J, BOOTE K J. Temperature effects on rice at elevated CO₂ concentration[J]. Journal of experimental botany, 1992(43):959-964.
[4]	韩笑. 增温、高温对不同种植方式下水稻产量、品质及其形成的影响[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2020.
[5]	黄义德, 曹流俭, 武立权, 等. 2003年安徽省中稻花期高温热害的调查与分析[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2004(4):385-388.
[6]	李守华, 田小海, 黄永平, 等. 江汉平原近50年中稻花期危害高温发生的初步分析[J]. 中国农业气象, 2007(1):5-8.
[7]	杨军, 章毅之, 贺浩华, 等. 水稻高温热害的研究现状与进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(8):2817-2830. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202008.027
[8]	吴思佳, 李仁英, 谢晓金, 等. 抽穗期高温对水稻叶片光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性和产量构成因素的影响[J]. 南方农业学报, 2021, 52(1):20-27.
[9]	张顺堂, 张桂莲, 陈立云, 等. 高温胁迫对水稻剑叶净光合速率和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(3):335-338. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7216.2011.03.017
[10]	王明, 刘烨, 张海清, 等. 水稻光温敏核不育系育性敏感期高温对异交特性的影响[J]. 湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版, 2017, 43(4):347-352.
[11]	李兴华, 张盛, 周强, 等. 抽穗期高温对不同品种水稻产量的影响及差异[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(9):1-6.
[12]	章起明, 郭水连, 汪建军, 等. 宜春市夏季高温热害发生规律及其对中稻结实率的影响[J]. 江西农业学报, 2020, 32(7):106-111.
[13]	汤日圣, 郑建初, 张大栋, 等. 高温对不同水稻品种花粉活力及籽粒结实的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2006(4):369-373.
[14]	从夕汉, 施伏芝, 阮新民, 等. 抽穗期高温与干旱对不同籼型水稻品种产量和品质的影响[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2014, 48(6):667-673.
[15]	李合生, 孙群, 赵世杰, 等. 植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
[16]	中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会. 现代植物生理学实验指南[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,1999.
[17]	张桂莲, 刘思言, 陈立云, 等. 抽穗开花期不同高温处理对水稻开花习性和结实率的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2012, 28(30):116-120.
[18]	王巍, 甄凤贤, 汤亮, 等. 孕穗期开花期双期高温胁迫对水稻籽粒品质形成的影响研究[A].中国作物学会. 第十九届中国作物学会学术年会论文摘要集[C]. 中国作物学会: 中国作物学会, 2020:1.
[19]	曹云英, 段骅, 杨立年, 等. 减数分裂期高温胁迫对耐热性不同水稻品种产量的影响及其生理原因[J]. 作物学报, 2008, 34(12):2134-2142. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.02134
[20]	甄博, 郭瑞琪, 周新国, 等. 孕穗期高温与涝对水稻光合特性和产量的影响[J]. 灌溉排水学报, 2021, 40(4):45-51.
[21]	谢晓金, 李秉柏, 申双和, 等. 抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻花粉活力与结实率的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2009, 25(2):238-241.
[22]	李训贞, 梁满中, 周广洽, 等. 水稻开花时的环境条件对花粉活力和结实的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2002, 28(3):417-420.
[23]	李君, 娄运生, 马莉, 等. 夜间增温和水分管理耦合对水稻叶片光合作用和荧光特性的影响[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2019, 35(3):506-513.
[24]	曹云英. 高温对水稻产量与品质的影响及其生理机制[D]. 扬州: 扬州大学, 2009.
[25]	崔娜, 吴文革, 许有尊, 等. 花期高温胁迫对杂交中籼水稻功能叶生理特性及产量的影响[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2011, 38(4):611-616.
[26]	汤日圣, 郑建初, 陈留根, 等. 高温对杂交水稻籽粒灌浆和剑叶某些生理特性的影响[J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2005, 31(6):657-662.
[27]	李萍萍, 程高峰, 张佳华, 等. 高温对水稻抽穗扬花期生理特性的影响[J]. 江苏大学学报:自然科学版, 2010, 31(2):125-130.
[28]	张桂莲, 张顺堂, 肖浪涛, 等. 抽穗开花期高温胁迫对水稻花药、花粉粒及柱头生理特性的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2014, 28(2):155-166.

品种	温度/℃	可育花粉数/（个/视野）	可育花粉率/%
泰优553	29	86.7a	87.6
	32	80.9b	80.5
	35	53.1c	45.9
	38	28.7d	27.6
	CK	85.9a	87.8
隆晶优1212	29	83.6a	86.3
	32	82.7a	85.9
	35	57.9b	51.2
	38	32.6c	30.9
	CK	82.8a	85.6

品种	温度/℃	可育花粉数/（个/视野）	可育花粉率/%
泰优553	29	86.7a	87.6
	32	80.9b	80.5
	35	53.1c	45.9
	38	28.7d	27.6
	CK	85.9a	87.8
隆晶优1212	29	83.6a	86.3
	32	82.7a	85.9
	35	57.9b	51.2
	38	32.6c	30.9
	CK	82.8a	85.6

温度/℃	脯氨酸含量/(μg/g)
温度/℃	泰优553	隆晶优1212
29	(24.63±2.14)d	(26.63±2.14)b
32	(29.26±3.68)c	(27.16±3.69)b
35	(34.36±2.87)b	(34.54±3.26)a
38	(38.89±2.34)a	(36.15±4.18)a
CK	(25.18±3.12)d	(26.19±3.19)b

温度/℃	脯氨酸含量/(μg/g)
温度/℃	泰优553	隆晶优1212
29	(24.63±2.14)d	(26.63±2.14)b
32	(29.26±3.68)c	(27.16±3.69)b
35	(34.36±2.87)b	(34.54±3.26)a
38	(38.89±2.34)a	(36.15±4.18)a
CK	(25.18±3.12)d	(26.19±3.19)b

温度/℃	过氧化物酶活性/[U/(g·min)]
温度/℃	泰优553	隆晶优1212
29	(38.25±0.28)d	(42.56±0.35)c
32	(43.95±0.57)c	(45.14±0.29)c
35	(60.65±0.61)a	(61.12±0.48)a
38	(52.36±0.42)b	(50.67±0.31)b
CK	(39.69±0.49)d	(44.08±0.28)c