Effects of Elevated Temperature and Soil Fertility on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Soybean

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0979

Abstract

Abstract:

In face of global warming, the effect of elevated temperature on soybean growth was studied to provide theoretical basis for soybean production responding to future climate change. Two soil types, high and low fertility, were selected to study the effects of elevated temperature on chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics and soybean yield at three leaf stage, flowering stage and bulking stage under ambient temperature (aT) and elevated temperature (eT) treatments by using an open warming system. The results showed that at the three leaf stage, eT decreased the P_n (photosynthetic rate), G_s (stomatal conductance) and T_r (transpiration rate) of soybean leaves by 21.3%, 36.7% and 17.4% on high fertility soil, respectively, while increased the SPAD value by 15.1% and decreased P_n by 11.4% on low fertility soil, respectively, compared to control. At flowering stage, leaf SPAD value was increased by 24.0% on high fertility soil, while P_n, G_s, C_i (intercellular CO₂ concentration) and T_r (transpiration rate) were decreased significantly on low fertility soil at eT than that of control, and eT decreased leaf G_s, C_i and T_r on low fertility soil compared with the control. At the bulking stage, in contrast to control, leaf P_n, G_s and T_r at eT were increased by 25.6%, 55.5% and 33.8% on high fertility soil, but were decreased by 42.4%, 58.7% and 56.1% on low fertility soil, respectively. The increased temperature resulted in a 23.3% yield increase of soybean on high fertility soils compared to the control, while a 10.9% yield reduction on low fertility soils. The photosynthetic capacity of soybean at bulking stage was the key factor in limiting yield formation, especially on high fertility soil, which can offset the insufficient photosynthesis at early growth stage, and finally improved yield. Therefore, adjusting soil fertility would be a potential strategy to improve the adaptability of soybean production to future global warming.

Key words: warming, soybeans, photosynthetic parameter, output, soil fertility

FENG Qian, JIN Lihui, XUE Haiqing, YUE Ya, MIAO Huan, MIAO Shujie, QIAO Yunfa. Effects of Elevated Temperature and Soil Fertility on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Soybean[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(35): 111-117.

Figures/Tables 10

References 28

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肥力水平	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)	pH
高肥力土	68.78	19.90	157.63	20.38	8.03
低肥力土	27.58	13.63	121.65	12.84	8.12

肥力水平	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)	pH
高肥力土	68.78	19.90	157.63	20.38	8.03
低肥力土	27.58	13.63	121.65	12.84	8.12

肥力水平	处理	豆荚数/（个/株）	粒数/（粒/株）	百粒重/g	产量/（g/株）
高肥土	aT	47.33±1.19a	132.00±1.25b	27.63±0.05b	36.13±0.34b
	eT	47.69±1.19a	142.33±1.78a	31.21±0.25a	44.54±0.56a
	aT	40.67±0.54a	119.00±1.70c	27.38±0.05b	32.68±0.47c
	eT	38.67±0.27a	114.00±0.82c	25.92±0.19c	29.12±0.21d
双因素方差分析（P值）
增温		0.014^*	0.169	<0.01^**	<0.01^**
土壤肥力		<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**
增温×土壤肥力		<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**

肥力水平	处理	豆荚数/（个/株）	粒数/（粒/株）	百粒重/g	产量/（g/株）
高肥土	aT	47.33±1.19a	132.00±1.25b	27.63±0.05b	36.13±0.34b
	eT	47.69±1.19a	142.33±1.78a	31.21±0.25a	44.54±0.56a
	aT	40.67±0.54a	119.00±1.70c	27.38±0.05b	32.68±0.47c
	eT	38.67±0.27a	114.00±0.82c	25.92±0.19c	29.12±0.21d
双因素方差分析（P值）
增温		0.014^*	0.169	<0.01^**	<0.01^**
土壤肥力		<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**
增温×土壤肥力		<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**	<0.01^**

光合指标	生育时期
光合指标	三叶期	开花期	鼓粒期
P_n	0.124	-0.699^*	0.908^**
G_s	-0.528	0.439	0.446
C_i	-0.017	-0.533	-0.238
T_r	-0.655^*	0.497	0.430
SPAD	0.412	0.409	-0.155