Nutritional Value of Native Fishes in the Shule River

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1005

Abstract

Abstract:

Shule River is one of the important inland rivers in Gansu Province. In order to develop the edible value of native fishes in Shule River, a comparative study was conducted on nutritional components, amino acid content, fatty acid content and nutritional quality of muscle in Gymnocypris chilianensis, Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis and Schizopygopsis pylzovi, and the muscle nutritional quality of G. chilianensis was compared with other fishes of Gymnocypris. The results showed that the contents of moisture, crude ash, crude protein and crude fat in muscle of the three native fishes were different. The types and quantities of amino acids were consistent, the total amount of amino acids, essential amino acids, flavor amino acids, and nonessential amino acids in S. pylzovi muscle were higher than that of G. chilianensis and T. yarkandensis. According to the amino acid and chemistry score, the first limiting amino acid in all muscle samples was valine. All three species of native fish were rich in fatty acids, the contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in S. pylzovi muscle were significantly higher than that of G. chilianensis and T. yarkandensis (P<0.05). The comparison of muscle nutritional quality between G. chilianensis and other fishes of Gymnocypris showed that there were differences in general nutrients among the muscles, the types and quantities of amino acids of the three species of Gymnocypris were the same. The content of essential amino acids was the highest in the muscles of G. chilianensis, and more kinds of fatty acids were detected in the muscles of G. chilianensis. The results showed that the muscle of the three native fishes in Shule River was delicious, and they had higher edible value and nutritional value. G. chilianensis has the same nutritional value as G. eckloni and G. przewalskii, which has higher development value.

Key words: Shule river, native fishes, nutritional ingredient, comparative study

ZHAO Zhongmeng, ZHAO Han, WANG Xiongyan, KE Hongyu, ZHANG Lu, HUANG Zhipeng, DUAN Yuanliang, LI Huadong, WU Lixiao, LI Qiang. Nutritional Value of Native Fishes in the Shule River[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(33): 147-155.

Figures/Tables 7

References 41

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种类	数量/条	体长/cm	体重/g
黄河裸裂尻鱼S. pylzovi	4	33.27±4.56	615.02±176.71
河西叶尔羌高原鳅T. (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis	13	12.98±2.31	34.19±22.10
祁连山裸鲤G. chilianensis	16	18.23±1.45	83.28±16.70
花斑裸鲤G. eckloni	6	26.27±2.23	315±12.34
青海湖裸鲤G. przewalskii	6	24.26±1.47	234±7.23

种类	数量/条	体长/cm	体重/g
黄河裸裂尻鱼S. pylzovi	4	33.27±4.56	615.02±176.71
河西叶尔羌高原鳅T. (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis	13	12.98±2.31	34.19±22.10
祁连山裸鲤G. chilianensis	16	18.23±1.45	83.28±16.70
花斑裸鲤G. eckloni	6	26.27±2.23	315±12.34
青海湖裸鲤G. przewalskii	6	24.26±1.47	234±7.23

检测指标	采用方法
水分	GB 5009.3—2016第一法
灰分	GB 5009.4—2016第一法
粗脂肪	GB 5009.6—2016第一法
粗蛋白	GB 5009.5—2016第三法
氨基酸	GB 5009.124—2016微波辅助酸水解法
脂肪酸	GB 5009.168—2016法

检测指标	采用方法
水分	GB 5009.3—2016第一法
灰分	GB 5009.4—2016第一法
粗脂肪	GB 5009.6—2016第一法
粗蛋白	GB 5009.5—2016第三法
氨基酸	GB 5009.124—2016微波辅助酸水解法
脂肪酸	GB 5009.168—2016法

一般营养成分	水分/%		粗灰分/(g/100 g)	粗蛋白/(g/100 g)	粗脂肪/(g/100 g)
河西叶尔羌高原鳅T. (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis	78.03±0.03^c		1.62±0.02^c	17.29±0.05^a	3.49±0.04^b
黄河裸裂尻鱼S. pylzovi	66.97±2.46^a		1.28±0.03^a	18.43±0.08^b	8.38±0.06^c
祁连山裸鲤G. chilianensis	79.23±0.81^c		1.40±0.00^b	18.67±0.32^b	1.60±0.30^a
花斑裸鲤G. eckloni	72.97±1.43^b		1.22±0.05^a	17.65±0.72^a	8.82±1.62^c
青海湖裸鲤G. przewalskii	76.96±1.87^c		1.47±0.06^b	18.63±0.35^b	1.80±0.10^a
草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idella^[16]	77.29±0.56		1.44±0.56	19.48±0.86	2.18±0.79
鲢Hypophthalmichthys molitrix^[17]	81.10±0.00		1.20±0.00	18.51±0.00	0.47±0.00
鳙Aristichthys mobilis^[17]		80.72±0.00	1.19±0.00	18.39±0.00	0.48±0.00
青鱼Mylopharyngodon piceus^[18]		74.59±1.13	4.28±0.10	19.44±0.83	4.71±1.45
黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco^[19]		76.54±1.09	1.88±0.09	17.55±0.34	4.15±0.09
虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss^[20]		72.60±0.08	1.20±0.01	19.20±0.13	7.60±0.15
亚东鲑Salmo trutta fario^[20]		71.90±0.51	1.20±0.01	18.80±0.66	8.10±0.03
美洲红点鲑Salvelinus fominalis^[20]		75.00±0.11	1.20±0.03	18.90±0.04	4.00±0.03
鳜Siniperca chuatsi^[21]		78.25±0.76	1.26±0.10	19.03±0.57	1.41±0.04
尼罗罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus^[22]		79.33±0.88	1.27±0.17	16.10±1.64	0.90±0.21