Impact of Optimized Potassium-Magnesium Fertilizer on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Hormone Levels in Later Growth Stage of Tobacco

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0788

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the optimal potassium-magnesium ratio for improving tobacco leaf quality, a field randomized block experiment was conducted. The study set a control group with conventional farmer fertilization (T₁, N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:3, with K₂O application rate of 315 kg/hm²), as well as treatments with optimized potassium fertilizer (T₂, N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2, with K₂O application rate of 210 kg/hm²), optimized potassium fertilizer+ MgO at 19.5 kg/hm² (T₃), and optimized potassium fertilizer+ MgO at 39.0 kg/hm² (T₄). The effects of these treatments on the growth, reactive oxygen metabolism, and hormone levels in the later growth stage of tobacco were investigated. The results showed that, compared to the control group, T₃ treatment exhibited the best growth performance in terms of leaf development. The potassium-magnesium ratio was reduced by reducing the amount of potash fertilizer application and increasing the amount of magnesium fertilizer application, and increasing magnesium fertilizer application significantly increased the biomass during the bunching and final harvesting stages. It also significantly increased the content of soluble proteins in the plant tissues, as well as the activities of enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and POD. The enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were highest in the T₃ treatment. Lowering the potassium-magnesium ratio significantly reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide, LOX enzyme activity, and hormones such as IAA, ABA, and IAAO in the tobacco leaves, with the lowest ABA hormone level observed in the T₃ treatment. On the other hand, it increased the levels of GA₃ and CTK hormones. In conclusion, applying a potassium-magnesium ratio of N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2 and supplementing with 19.5 kg/hm² of magnesium fertilizer during the later growth stage of tobacco resulted in improved growth and enhanced characteristics for tobacco curing.

Key words: tobacco, potassium-magnesium interaction, reactive oxygen metabolism, hormones, biomass

ZHU Chenyu, XIE Rongrong, WANG Yuemin, XU Zhihao, KE Yuqin, ZHENG Chaoyuan, LI Wenqing. Impact of Optimized Potassium-Magnesium Fertilizer on Reactive Oxygen Metabolism and Hormone Levels in Later Growth Stage of Tobacco[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(25): 24-29.

Figures/Tables 7

References 37

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处理	处理方法
T₁	对照处理，N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:3，总施钾量(K₂O)为315 kg/hm²，不施镁肥
T₂	降钾处理，N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，不施镁肥
T₃	N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，MgO 19.5 kg/hm²
T₄	N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，MgO 39 kg/hm²

处理	处理方法
T₁	对照处理，N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:3，总施钾量(K₂O)为315 kg/hm²，不施镁肥
T₂	降钾处理，N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，不施镁肥
T₃	N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，MgO 19.5 kg/hm²
T₄	N:P₂O₅:K₂O=1:0.68:2，总施钾量(K₂O)为210 kg/hm²，MgO 39 kg/hm²

处理	取样时期	下部叶干重	中部叶干重	上部叶干重	茎干重	根干重	整株干重
T₁	团棵期	37.78a	29.10a	22.94a	35.29a	22.15a	152.02a
T₂		35.62a	29.42a	21.02a	35.50a	22.37a	148.47a
T₃		40.58a	34.16a	22.79a	37.21a	23.44a	165.38a
T₄		40.79a	34.28a	22.99a	40.31a	22.32a	163.02a
T₁	终采期	45.62b	46.19b	54.73a	103.09ab	77.75b	334.10b
T₂		45.50b	51.52ab	57.70a	93.11b	84.27ab	341.26b
T₃		55.66a	57.73a	55.70a	94.940b	82.93ab	355.14b
T₄		55.05a	56.60a	67.87a	117.38a	104.50a	409.17a

处理	取样时期	下部叶干重	中部叶干重	上部叶干重	茎干重	根干重	整株干重
T₁	团棵期	37.78a	29.10a	22.94a	35.29a	22.15a	152.02a
T₂		35.62a	29.42a	21.02a	35.50a	22.37a	148.47a
T₃		40.58a	34.16a	22.79a	37.21a	23.44a	165.38a
T₄		40.79a	34.28a	22.99a	40.31a	22.32a	163.02a
T₁	终采期	45.62b	46.19b	54.73a	103.09ab	77.75b	334.10b
T₂		45.50b	51.52ab	57.70a	93.11b	84.27ab	341.26b
T₃		55.66a	57.73a	55.70a	94.940b	82.93ab	355.14b
T₄		55.05a	56.60a	67.87a	117.38a	104.50a	409.17a

处理	SOD/[U/(mg·min)]	CAT/[mg/(mg·min)]	POD/[∆OD₄₇₀/(mg·min)]	LOX/(U/mg)
T₁	1.144±0.023bB	0.547±0.009cB	66.992±0.735dD	3.126±0.055aA
T₂	1.308±0.051aA	0.590±0.009bAB	97.467±1.174aA	2.391±0.036cB
T₃	1.303±0.037aAB	0.638±0.015aA	77.806±0.998cC	2.689±0.144bcAB
T₄	1.313±0.011aA	0.570±0.003bcB	91.850±0.918bB	3.050±0.163abA