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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (20): 80-90.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0611

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Tobacco Area Soil Quality Evaluation and Barrier Diagnosis in Intercropping System of Tobacco and Rice in Southern Hunan Based on Minimal Data Set

XIAO Ziman1(), HAO Hanchi1, FAN Haijin1, HE Rujing1, XIAO Yansong2, LI Xiaohui3, LIU Yongjun4, LONG Jian1, HOU Hongbo1, PENG Peiqin1()   

  1. 1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004
    2 Hunan Chenzhou Municipal Tobacco Company, Chenzhou, Hunan 423015
    3 Hunan Yongzhou Municipal Tobacco Company, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000
    4 Hunan Tobacco Science Institute, Changsha 410004
  • Received:2024-09-18 Revised:2025-05-26 Online:2025-07-21 Published:2025-07-21

Abstract:

Soil samples were collected from the tobacco-rice rotation area of southern Hunan to analyze the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil. To evaluate soil quality and diagnose obstacles, providing a scientific basis for nutrient management, reduction of limiting factors, and improving the yield and quality of tobacco leaves in this region, a total of 124 soil samples were collected from 11 tobacco stations. 18 indicators, including soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), exchangeable calcium (ECa), exchangeable magnesium (EMg), available manganese (AMn), available boron (AB), available molybdenum (AMo), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), water-soluble chloride ion (Cl), bulk density (BD) and pH, were selected as the total data set (TDS). Using principal component analysis combined with the Norm value method, a minimum data set (MDS) was constructed to derive the soil quality index (SQI). An obstacle factor diagnosis model was employed to identify the main limiting factors. The results showed that the MDS for the tobacco-rice rotation area in southern Hunan consisted of bulk density, total nitrogen, pH, microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, microbial biomass phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available manganese. The MDS-based soil quality index (MDS-SQI) exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the TDS-SQI (R2=0.479,P<0.05), with a relative deviation coefficient of 0.053. This indicated a good fit between the two indices, with minimal relative deviation, suggesting that the MDS could effectively replace the TDS for soil quality evaluation in this region. Obstacle factor analysis revealed that the main limiting factors in the tobacco-rice rotation area were total nitrogen (average obstacle degree of 0.093) and available manganese (average obstacle degree of 0.090). The established MDS evaluation method accurately reflected actual soil quality, balancing representativeness and accuracy while simplifying workload. It was suitable for soil quality evaluation and obstacle diagnosis in tobacco-rice rotation systems. The soil quality index in the tobacco-rice rotation area ranged from 0.221 to 0.614, with an average value of 0.417, indicating that overall soil quality is at a moderate level.

Key words: tobacco-rice rotation, tobacco-planted soil, principal component analysis, minimum data set, soil quality, impedance