Effects of Base Application of Organic Fertilizer on Yield of Winter Wheat and Soil Physical-chemical Properties

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0633

Abstract

Abstract:

Organic fertilizers have been widely used in farmland systems for reducing the adverse effects of fertilizer input on farmland environment and crop yield. A field study was conducted from 2022-2023 with the winter wheat ‘Jimai 44’ as the material, and four experimental treatments including 90% chemical fertilizer + 10% organic fertilizer, 80% chemical fertilizer + 20% organic fertilizer, 70% chemical fertilizer + 30% organic fertilizer, 60% chemical fertilizer + 40% organic fertilizer (represented by T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively) were set, and 100% chemical fertilizer was set as the control (represented by CK) to investigated the effects of fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer on yield components of winter wheat and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that the content of soil water stability macroaggregates and soil organic matter increased with the increase of organic fertilizer application, and the soil water stability macroaggregates and soil organic matter under T3 and T4 treatment significantly higher than that under CK treatment. Meanwhile, a negatively correlation between soil electrical conductivity and organic fertilizer application was found, and there was no significant difference in soil pH under various fertilization treatments. The yield of winter wheat showed first increased and then decreased trend with the increase of organic fertilizer application, and the highest yield of winter wheat was found under T3 treatment (base fertilizer contained 70% chemical fertilizer + 30% organic fertilizer), the number of grains, the number of ears per hectare, thousand grain weight and grain yield of winter wheat under T3 treatment increased by 3.08%, 1.21%, 5.71% and 10.30% compared to those under CK treatment, respectively. Ultimately, T3 treatment had the best performance in improving the physicochemical properties of soil in wheat fields and increasing the yield of winter wheat based on TOPSIS method of entropy weight method, which can be considered as the recommended fertilization method for winter wheat production in experimental areas.

Key words: organic fertilizer substitution of chemical fertilizer, soil organic matter, water stability macroaggregates, soil electrical conductivity, yield of winter wheat, TOPSIS method

YU Liping, WANG Lijun, LIANG Mengju, WANG Lu, SUN Jinyang, ZHANG Junpeng, HOU Xianghao. Effects of Base Application of Organic Fertilizer on Yield of Winter Wheat and Soil Physical-chemical Properties[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(18): 8-16.

Figures/Tables 8

References 36

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处理	基施化肥有机肥配比	基施化肥量	基施有机肥量	追施尿素量
CK	100%化肥	750	0	300
T1	90%化肥+10%有机肥	675	615	300
T2	80%化肥+20%有机肥	600	1230	300
T3	70%化肥+30%有机肥	525	1845	300
T4	60%化肥+40%有机肥	450	2460	300

处理	基施化肥有机肥配比	基施化肥量	基施有机肥量	追施尿素量
CK	100%化肥	750	0	300
T1	90%化肥+10%有机肥	675	615	300
T2	80%化肥+20%有机肥	600	1230	300
T3	70%化肥+30%有机肥	525	1845	300
T4	60%化肥+40%有机肥	450	2460	300

处理	穗粒数/粒	穗数/(万/hm²)	千粒重/g	籽粒产量/(kg/hm²)	收获指数/%
CK	38.9 a	520.50 ab	43.42 b	8790.60 b	41.92a
T1	40.1 a	467.66 b	45.73 ab	8576.41 b	42.25a
T2	39.3 a	510.10 ab	46.23 a	9268.43 ab	43.15a
T3	40.1 a	526.78 ab	45.90 ab	9695.83 a	43.59a
T4	37.7 a	546.49 a	43.67 b	8996.42 ab	42.99a

处理	穗粒数/粒	穗数/(万/hm²)	千粒重/g	籽粒产量/(kg/hm²)	收获指数/%
CK	38.9 a	520.50 ab	43.42 b	8790.60 b	41.92a
T1	40.1 a	467.66 b	45.73 ab	8576.41 b	42.25a
T2	39.3 a	510.10 ab	46.23 a	9268.43 ab	43.15a
T3	40.1 a	526.78 ab	45.90 ab	9695.83 a	43.59a
T4	37.7 a	546.49 a	43.67 b	8996.42 ab	42.99a

处理	大团聚体	电导率	有机质	籽粒产量	S⁺	S^-	C	Rank
CK	57.94	261.57	9.19	8790.60	0.047	0.005	0.092	4
T1	58.30	258.23	9.22	8576.41	0.047	0.003	0.061	5
T2	60.290	253.50	9.55	9268.43	0.030	0.021	0.409	3
T3	62.23	244.00	10.00	9695.83	0.013	0.039	0.745	1
T4	62.97	234.60	10.36	8996.42	0.016	0.044	0.737	2
Z⁺	0.4664	0.4762	0.4791	0.4779
Z^-	0.4291	0.4271	0.4249	0.4227
权重	0.2464	0.2429	0.3047	0.2060