Effects of Application Methods of Poly-carbon Enzyme Formulations on Growth, Development and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0728

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the regulatory effects of polycarbonate enzyme application on dry matter accumulation and distribution in flue-cured tobacco and to optimize its application techniques for coordinated improvement of yield and quality in central Henan tobacco production, this study utilized the flue-cured tobacco cultivar ‘Yu Nongxiang 201’ and conducted field experiments in 2022 in Weidu District of Xuchang City and Ziyun Town of Xiangcheng County, within the central Henan tobacco-growing region. Three treatments were established: foliar spray (T₁), root irrigation (T₂), combined foliar spray+ root irrigation (T₃), with water as control (CK). The study systematically examined their effects on agronomic traits, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter allocation, and yield-quality parameters. Results indicated that polycarbonate enzyme application significantly promoted plant development, enhanced dry matter accumulation and rootward allocation, improved leaf photosynthetic rate, and increased yield and economic value of cured leaves compared to CK. T₁ treatment achieved the greatest improvements in sugar-to-nicotine ratio and potassium-to-chloride ratio, enhancing the coordination of chemical components and elevating appearance quality indicators such as structure, texture, oil content, color intensity, and hue. T₂ treatment maximized the proportion of upper-middle grade leaves, optimizing the grade structure of cured tobacco. T₃ treatment increased tobacco yield by over 10% but reduced the proportion of upper-middle grade leaves, with declines observed in leaf structure and sugar-to-nicotine ratio, indicating a potential yield-quality trade-off. In conclusion, sole foliar application (T₁) effectively balanced yield maintenance with improvements in photosynthetic carbon assimilation efficiency and rational dry matter distribution, achieving simultaneous optimization of chemical coordination and appearance quality. This approach aligns with the practical requirements for high-quality tobacco production in the central Henan region.

Key words: poly-carbon enzyme, application methods, flue-cured tobacco, photosynthetic performance: dry matter accumulation, yield, quality

XU Wenzheng, LI Peng, LI Jianhua, WANG Mengmeng, LIU Qiaozhen, HAN Huige, WU Zhaohui, WANG Dian. Effects of Application Methods of Poly-carbon Enzyme Formulations on Growth, Development and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(19): 12-19.

Figures/Tables 8

References 24

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试验地点	全氮/(g/kg)	速效氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/%	pH
许昌市魏都区	0.77	75.2	15.6	138.9	1.27	7.51
襄城县紫云镇	0.81	86.5	17.1	128.5	1.14	6.89

试验地点	全氮/(g/kg)	速效氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/%	pH
许昌市魏都区	0.77	75.2	15.6	138.9	1.27	7.51
襄城县紫云镇	0.81	86.5	17.1	128.5	1.14	6.89

处理	移栽后30 d	移栽后60 d	移栽后90 d
T₁	稀释600倍，叶面喷施，12 L/100 m²	稀释400倍，叶面喷施，14 L/100 m²	稀释400倍，叶面喷施，16 L/100 m²
T₂	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株
T₃	喷施+灌根	喷施+灌根	喷施+灌根

处理	移栽后30 d	移栽后60 d	移栽后90 d
T₁	稀释600倍，叶面喷施，12 L/100 m²	稀释400倍，叶面喷施，14 L/100 m²	稀释400倍，叶面喷施，16 L/100 m²
T₂	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株	稀释200倍，灌根，400 mL/株
T₃	喷施+灌根	喷施+灌根	喷施+灌根

试验地点	处理	株高/cm	茎围/cm	叶片数/片	最大展开叶
试验地点	处理	株高/cm	茎围/cm	叶片数/片	叶长/cm	叶宽/cm	SPAD
襄城县紫云镇	CK	122.26b	11.80b	17.60c	74.76b	37.56a	39.50a
	T₁	126.00b	12.03ab	16.80c	77.38ab	37.91a	36.56a
	T₂	125.98b	12.42ab	19.00b	79.98a	38.24a	37.34a
	T₃	130.56a	12.70a	21.20a	80.48a	39.14a	38.00a
魏都区试验地	CK	118.44a	11.18b	16.80a	77.39a	36.63c	38.20a
	T₁	119.58a	11.98a	17.20a	77.74a	37.06bc	37.86a
	T₂	119.14a	12.04a	18.00a	79.05a	38.82b	37.94a
	T₃	121.60a	12.06a	18.20a	79.49a	40.90a	37.70a