Effects of Cultivation Models on Growth, Fatty Acid Value and Texture of Pelodiscus sinensis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0022

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the effects of cultivation models on the growth, nutrition and taste of Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis), P. sinensis cultured in two different modes (paddy-field cultivation and pond intensive cultivation) were used to evaluate the growth performance, fatty acid nutrition and taste. The results showed that in paddy-field cultivation model, the specific growth rate (SGR) of P. sinensis was significantly higher than that in intensive pond culture by 82% (P<0.05), and the feed coefficient (FCR) was significantly reduced by 8% (P<0.05). The fatty acid nutritional value of P. sinensis was high in both cultivation models. In pond intensive cultivation model, the ratios of SFA/TFA (40.63%), PUFA/SFA (0.777:1), and SFA/MUFA/PUFA (1.28:0.86:1.00), as well as the AI, TI, and HH (0.500, 0.212, 2.087) in muscle were better than those in paddy-field cultivation model. Texture analysis revealed that the hardness, gumminess and chewiness of muscles and calipash of P. sinensis cultured in paddy-field cultivation model were significantly higher than in the pond-intensive model, whereas there were no significant differences in adhesiveness, resilience and springiness. In summary, the growth performance of P. sinensis under paddy field cultivation model was better and the muscle was chewy. And in pond-intensive cultivation model, the fatty acid nutritional value was higher and the muscle was tender and juicy.

Key words: cultivation model, Chinese soft-shelled turtle, growth performance, fatty acid, texture

ZHU Weiguo, WANG Fen, CHEN Zhu, SONG Guangtong, XU Xiaona, ZHOU Xiang, SU Youfeng, ZHU Chengjun, FANG Guoxia, WU Hao, WANG Mei, JIANG Yelin. Effects of Cultivation Models on Growth, Fatty Acid Value and Texture of Pelodiscus sinensis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(24): 144-150.

Figures/Tables 3

References 25

[1]	ZHAGN J, WANG F, JIANG Y L, et al. Modern greenhouse culture of juvenile soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis[J]. Aquaculture international, 2017, 25:1607-1624.
[2]	农业农村部渔业渔政管理局. 2013渔业统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2013:30.
[3]	农业农村部渔业渔政管理局, 全国水产技术推广总站, 中国水产学会. 2023渔业统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2023:24.
[4]	农业农村部渔业渔政管理局. 2003渔业统计年鉴[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2003:10.
[5]	WANG F, CHEN Z, CHENG Y S, et al. Nutritional evaluation of two strains of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis[J]. Journal of food composition and analysis, 2021, 101:103971.
[6]	张文苑. 桂林古本《伤寒杂病论》鳖甲煎丸抑制肝细胞癌进展的有效性及机制研究[D]. 长春: 长春中医药大学, 2024.
[7]	王福田, 赖年悦, 程华峰, 等. 比较分析三种不同环境下的中华鳖肌肉营养品质及其挥发性风味物质[J]. 食品与发酵工业, 2019, 45(22):253-261. doi: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.021276
[8]	何吉祥, 陈静, 宋光同, 等. 稻田与池塘养殖中华鳖日本品系的体组成及营养品质比较[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2017, 44(6):1005-1009.
[9]	宋理平, 冒树泉, 胡斌, 等. 仿生与温室养殖中华鳖营养成分研究[J]. 饲料工业, 2013, 34(4):18-21.
[10]	卫生和计划生育委员会, 等. GB5009.168—2016,食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪酸的测定[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2016.
[11]	CAROLINA E F, MARGARIDA A D S V, MARISILDA D A R, et al. Nutritional and lipid profiles in marine fish species from Brazil 2014[J]. Food chemistry, 2014, 160:67-71. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.055 pmid: 24799210
[12]	姜建湖, 沈斌乾, 陈建明, 等. “太湖鲂鲌”及其亲本肌肉营养成分的分析与评价[J]. 水生生物学报, 2019, 43(2):388-394.
[13]	王广军, 孙悦, 郁二蒙, 等. 澳洲淡水龙虾与克氏原螯虾肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019, 31(9):4339-4348. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.049
[14]	HAMEED A, HUSSAIN S A, SHABBIR M A, et al. Nutritional and fatty acids profile analyses of commonly consumed fresh water fish species in Pakistan[J]. American journal of biochemistry and biotechnology, 2017, 13:15-26.
[15]	PERAZA-MERCADO G, JARAMILLO- LÓPEZ E, ALARCÓN-ROJO A D. Fatty acid and amino acid composition of pelibuey and polypay × rambouillet lambs[J]. American-Eurasian journal of agricultural and environmental sciences, 2010, 8:197-205.
[16]	陈师师, 薛静, 何中央, 等. 2种不同品系中华鳖的营养成分分析与比较[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(18):114-119. doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201518021
[17]	陈鹏飞, 王广军, 郁二蒙, 等. 2种养殖模式条件下佛罗里达鳖不同部位营养成分的比较[J]. 食品科学, 2015, 36(2):96-100. doi: 10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201502018
[18]	BIMAL P M, ARABINDA M, SATABDI G, et al. Nutritional composition of food fishes and their importance in providing food and nutritional security[J]. Food chemistry, 2019, 293:561-570. doi: S0308-8146(17)31852-6 pmid: 31151648
[19]	赵艳芳, 盛晓风, 宁劲松, 等. 我国北方3种主要养殖模式刺参的营养组成与功能性成分差异研究[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2018, 9(8):1795-1801.
[20]	MURILLO E, RAO K S, DURANT A A. The lipid content and fatty acid composition of four eastern central Pacific native fish species[J]. Journal of food composition and analysis, 2014, 33(1):1-5.
[21]	FAO. Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition: report of an expert consultation[M]. FAO, Rome, 2010: 16-17.
[22]	张君, 陈露, 余鹏, 等. 中华鳖4个品系营养成分分析与比较[J]. 水生生物学报, 2018, 42(4):770-778.
[23]	马林, 刘克明, 郝爽, 等. 银大眼鲳含肉率与肌肉营养成分的分析[J]. 河南农业科学, 2020, 49(7):146-154.
[24]	孙中武, 李超, 尹洪滨, 等. 不同品系虹鳟的肌肉营养成分分析[J]. 营养学报, 2008(3):298-302.
[25]	ULBRICHT T L V, SOUTHGATE D A T. Coronary heart disease: seven dietary factors[J]. The lancet, 1991, 338:985-992.

养殖模式	初始质量/g	最终质量/g	初始数量/N₀	最终数量/N_t	饲养天数/t	饵料系数FCR	成活率/%	特定生长率SGR/%
池塘集约化养殖	650	913	20710	19260	120	2.5	93.0	0.28
稻田养殖	400	700	2250	2193	110	2.3	97.5	0.51

养殖模式	初始质量/g	最终质量/g	初始数量/N₀	最终数量/N_t	饲养天数/t	饵料系数FCR	成活率/%	特定生长率SGR/%
池塘集约化养殖	650	913	20710	19260	120	2.5	93.0	0.28
稻田养殖	400	700	2250	2193	110	2.3	97.5	0.51

质构	肌肉		鳖裙
质构	池塘集约化养殖	稻田养殖	池塘集约化养殖	稻田养殖
TFA	6.146±1.596c	10.760±2.899d	2.783±0.490ab	3.998±1.246b
SFA	2.497±0.461b	4.936±0.919c	1.485±0.185a	2.294±0.432b
C4:0	0.051±0.015b	0.035±0.001a	0.035±0.002a	0.040±0.008ab
C14:0	0.073±0.023b	0.101±0.058c	0.043±0.007a	0.046±0.011a
C16:0	1.472±0.317c	2.371±0.466d	0.786±0.096a	1.089±0.188b
C18:0	0.690±0.113c	1.157±0.216d	0.387±0.043a	0.521±0.084b
C23:0	0.212±0.024b	1.271±0.225d	0.129±0.019a	0.514±0.094c
UFA	3.649±1.135b	5.976±2.131c	1.402±0.339a	1.773±0.856a
MUFA	1.692±0.673c	3.284±1.191d	0.858±0.210ab	1.321±0.605bc
C16:1n7	0.252± 0.101b	0.384±0.212c	0.106±0.030a	0.085±0.068a
C18:1n9	1.398±0.562b	2.769±0.970c	0.682±0.166a	1.164±0.519b
C20:1	0.035±0.001	0.046±0.016	-	-
C24:1n9	0.043±0.011a	0.076±0.019d	0.070±0.015cd	0.059±0.011bc
PUFA	1.957±0.462b	2.692± 1.067c	0.544±0.134a	0.452±0.252a
C18:2n6	1.121±0.350b	1.791±0.690c	0.345±0.072a	0.407±0.210a
C20:2	0.035±0.001	0.046±0.016	-	-
C20:3n6	0.038±0.001	0.040±0.004	-	-
C20:5n3 EPA	0.351±0.033d	0.194±0.103c	0.092±0.026b	0.07±0.014a
C22:6n3 DHA	0.412±0.082b	0.470±0.211bc	0.078±0.027a	0.041±0.018a
EPA+DHA	0.763±0.115c	0.664±0.314c	0.170±0.052b	0.111±0.027a
n-3 PUFA	0.763±0.115c	0.664±0.314c	0.170±0.052b	0.111±0.027a
n-6PUFA	1.159±0.349b	1.831±0.691c	0.345±0.072a	0.407±0.210a
n-3 PUFA/n-6 PUFA	1:1.52	1:2.76	1:2.03	1:3.67
SFA/TFA	40.63%	45.87%	53.36%	57.38%
MUFA/TFA	27.53%	30.52%	30.83%	33.04%
PUFA/SFA	0.777:1	0.528:1	0.369:1	0.187:1
SFA/MUFA/PUFA	1.28:0.86:1.00	1.83:1.22:1.00	2.73:1.58:1.00	5.08:2.92:1.00
AI	0.472±0.055a	0.491±0.073a	0.810±0.48b	0.789±0.219bc
TI	0.187±0.023a	0.423±0.095b	0.193±0.079a	0.566±0.146b
HH	2.223±0.211b	2.070±0.316b	1.237±0.132a	1.392±0.370a

质构	肌肉		鳖裙
质构	池塘集约化养殖	稻田养殖	池塘集约化养殖	稻田养殖
TFA	6.146±1.596c	10.760±2.899d	2.783±0.490ab	3.998±1.246b
SFA	2.497±0.461b	4.936±0.919c	1.485±0.185a	2.294±0.432b
C4:0	0.051±0.015b	0.035±0.001a	0.035±0.002a	0.040±0.008ab
C14:0	0.073±0.023b	0.101±0.058c	0.043±0.007a	0.046±0.011a
C16:0	1.472±0.317c	2.371±0.466d	0.786±0.096a	1.089±0.188b
C18:0	0.690±0.113c	1.157±0.216d	0.387±0.043a	0.521±0.084b
C23:0	0.212±0.024b	1.271±0.225d	0.129±0.019a	0.514±0.094c
UFA	3.649±1.135b	5.976±2.131c	1.402±0.339a	1.773±0.856a
MUFA	1.692±0.673c	3.284±1.191d	0.858±0.210ab	1.321±0.605bc
C16:1n7	0.252± 0.101b	0.384±0.212c	0.106±0.030a	0.085±0.068a
C18:1n9	1.398±0.562b	2.769±0.970c	0.682±0.166a	1.164±0.519b
C20:1	0.035±0.001	0.046±0.016	-	-
C24:1n9	0.043±0.011a	0.076±0.019d	0.070±0.015cd	0.059±0.011bc
PUFA	1.957±0.462b	2.692± 1.067c	0.544±0.134a	0.452±0.252a
C18:2n6	1.121±0.350b	1.791±0.690c	0.345±0.072a	0.407±0.210a
C20:2	0.035±0.001	0.046±0.016	-	-
C20:3n6	0.038±0.001	0.040±0.004	-	-
C20:5n3 EPA	0.351±0.033d	0.194±0.103c	0.092±0.026b	0.07±0.014a
C22:6n3 DHA	0.412±0.082b	0.470±0.211bc	0.078±0.027a	0.041±0.018a
EPA+DHA	0.763±0.115c	0.664±0.314c	0.170±0.052b	0.111±0.027a
n-3 PUFA	0.763±0.115c	0.664±0.314c	0.170±0.052b	0.111±0.027a
n-6PUFA	1.159±0.349b	1.831±0.691c	0.345±0.072a	0.407±0.210a
n-3 PUFA/n-6 PUFA	1:1.52	1:2.76	1:2.03	1:3.67
SFA/TFA	40.63%	45.87%	53.36%	57.38%
MUFA/TFA	27.53%	30.52%	30.83%	33.04%
PUFA/SFA	0.777:1	0.528:1	0.369:1	0.187:1
SFA/MUFA/PUFA	1.28:0.86:1.00	1.83:1.22:1.00	2.73:1.58:1.00	5.08:2.92:1.00
AI	0.472±0.055a	0.491±0.073a	0.810±0.48b	0.789±0.219bc
TI	0.187±0.023a	0.423±0.095b	0.193±0.079a	0.566±0.146b
HH	2.223±0.211b	2.070±0.316b	1.237±0.132a	1.392±0.370a

质构	肌肉		裙边
质构	池塘集约化	稻田养殖	池塘集约化	稻田养殖
硬度	402.304±60.876a	1447.78±252.84b	1540.794±274.175b	2709.948±467.48c
粘附性	1.749±2.263a	1.938±1.422a	0.637±0.250a	2.082±1.310a
恢复力/%	15.733±2.845a	15.106±2.75a	17.421±3.227a	21.723±3.168a
凝聚力	0.462±0.024ab	0.400±0.034ab	0.317±0.046a	0.397±0.061ab
弹性/%	43.549±5.639b	39.021±4.784b	23.520±3.685a	34.853±0.061ab
粘性	185.673±27.333a	582.651±138.662b	489.865±118.094b	1080.574±270.677c
咀嚼度	81.886±23.020a	230.707±80.695b	117.681±38.157a	376.506±108.157c