Characteristics of Selenium and Physicochemical Properties in Tobacco-growing Soils of Ganzhou and Their Effects on Tobacco Yield and Quality

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0678

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the characteristics of selenium (Se) and physicochemical properties in tobacco-growing soils of Ganzhou and their effects on tobacco yield and quality, aiming to provide a scientific basis for developing Se-enriched tobacco and soil amelioration. Tobacco-growing soil and tobacco leaf samples were collected from eight tobacco-producing counties in Ganzhou. Soil pH, Se, organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and tobacco leaf Se content were determined. Yield and premium-grade tobacco proportion data of farmers from 2022 to 2024 were integrated. Variance and correlation analyses were employed to identify key soil factors affecting tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that: (1) the mean soil Se content was 0.23 mg/kg, lower than the average level of Ganzhou City, with about 75% of samples at a sufficient Se level. Soil pH averaged 5.5, being slightly acidic. AP content was extremely abundant, with a mean value of 85.57 mg/kg. AK content varied significantly among counties. (2) SOM showed highly significant positive correlations with TN and Se (r=0.54^**, r=0.48^**, P<0.01). Tobacco leaf Se content was low (middle leaves C3F: 0.05 mg/kg; upper leaves B2F: 0.06 mg/kg), and no significant correlation was found between soil and leaf Se content. (3) AK was probably a key positive factor for yield and grade (2024 yield: r=0.28^**; premium-grade tobacco proportion: r=0.32^**; P<0.01). In conclusion, low Se bioavailability in tobacco-growing soils may be the core constraint for developing Se-enriched tobacco in Ganzhou, necessitating exogenous Se supplementation. The soil presents the characteristics of ‘excessive phosphorus, potassium differentiation, moderate nitrogen, and moderate acid’. It is suggested to adopt the comprehensive regulation strategy of exogenous selenium supplementation, precise potassium application in different regions, phosphorus control and organic matter increase, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the quality and efficiency of selenium-enriched flue-cured tobacco in Ganzhou.

Key words: Ganzhou tobacco-growing area, tobacco-growing soil, selenium, tobacco leaf, yield, quality, soil amelioration, physicochemical properties, selenium-enriched tobacco leaves

CLC Number:

S158.2

CHEN Jian, CHEN Yan, XU Mingmin, LIU Hui, WANG Lin, CHEN Qionghong, JIANG Linxiang, XIE Fangteng, WANG Fuqiang. Characteristics of Selenium and Physicochemical Properties in Tobacco-growing Soils of Ganzhou and Their Effects on Tobacco Yield and Quality[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(13): 143-151.

Figures/Tables 14

References 35

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指标	Ⅰ级（极丰富）	Ⅱ级（丰富）	Ⅲ级（较丰富）	Ⅳ级（适量）	Ⅴ级（贫乏）	Ⅵ级（极贫乏）
有机质/(g/kg)	[40,+∞)	[30,40)	[20,30)	[10,20)	[6,10)	(0,6)
全氮/(g/kg)	[2,+∞)	[1.5,2)	[1,1.5)	[0.75,1.0)	[0.5,0.75)	(0,0.5)
有效磷/(mg/kg)	[40,+∞)	[20,40)	[10,20)	[5,10)	[3,5)	(0,3)
速效钾/(mg/kg)	[200,+∞)	[150,200)	[100,150)	[50,100)	[30,50)	(0,30)

指标	Ⅰ级（极丰富）	Ⅱ级（丰富）	Ⅲ级（较丰富）	Ⅳ级（适量）	Ⅴ级（贫乏）	Ⅵ级（极贫乏）
有机质/(g/kg)	[40,+∞)	[30,40)	[20,30)	[10,20)	[6,10)	(0,6)
全氮/(g/kg)	[2,+∞)	[1.5,2)	[1,1.5)	[0.75,1.0)	[0.5,0.75)	(0,0.5)
有效磷/(mg/kg)	[40,+∞)	[20,40)	[10,20)	[5,10)	[3,5)	(0,3)
速效钾/(mg/kg)	[200,+∞)	[150,200)	[100,150)	[50,100)	[30,50)	(0,30)

项目	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
范围	4.6~6.8	7.32~41.47	0.32~2.51	2.51~194.35	7.24~314.18
均值±标准差	5.5±0.4	24.73±7.62	1.34±0.52	85.57±46.22	149.20±75.22
变异系数/%	7.43	30.79	38.81	54.01	50.41

项目	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
范围	4.6~6.8	7.32~41.47	0.32~2.51	2.51~194.35	7.24~314.18
均值±标准差	5.5±0.4	24.73±7.62	1.34±0.52	85.57±46.22	149.20±75.22
变异系数/%	7.43	30.79	38.81	54.01	50.41

等级	土壤硒含量/(mg/kg)	2022年(n=204)		2023年(n=225)		合计占比/%
等级	土壤硒含量/(mg/kg)	样品数/个	占比/%	样品数/个	占比/%	合计占比/%
缺硒	[0，0.125)	11	5.39	3	1.33	3.26
少硒	[0.125，0.175)	36	17.65	46	20.45	19.11
足硒	[0.175，0.400)	152	74.51	169	75.11	74.83
富硒	[0.400，2.000)	5	2.45	7	3.11	2.80