Abstract: The preliminary analysis experiment was carried out to study the effect of P application On economic yield and physiological character related to economic yield in the wheat/broad bean intercropping system. The results were indicated that P application could increase sharply the economic yield of wheat and broad bean . In contrast to the no-P application（P0），the yield of wheat and broad bean increased by 51.78% and 24.16% under the treatment of middle-P application (P1) ,by 58.05% and 23.74% under the treatment of high-P application(P2). The results also shows that the reason why P application result in the increase of economic yield were probably that it enhance the chlorophyll content of the above leaf and the whole-plant soluble sugar content during the wheat earring period (broad bean florescence), which was contributive to improve the photosynthesis efficiency and to enhance more nutrient substance transformation to seed . Noticeably ，there also existed positive effect on free proline content of leave when phosphorus was applied in the field, but the difference was not remarkable between treatments.