Abstract: 【OBJECTIVE】In order to study on the pollen morphology and pollen viability of the superior clones of camellia oleifera, and the determination method and classification of pollen viability.【METHOD】Some fresh pollen of Camellia oleifera was employed as the experimental material to carry on the studies on pollen morphology and determination method of pollen viability. Artificial fertilization method, TTC staining and peroxidase settling process were conducted to determine the pollen viability. Classification for pollen viability was completed by cluster analysis combined with experience.【RESULTS】Through optical microscope, the color of Camellia oleifera pollen was yellow or light yellow, the shape of pollen are ellipse, 3-crack round and round, and the size was 44.1μm×29.2μm. As to the pollen viability, there was significant difference between different clones.【CONCLUSION】The shape of most of camellia oleifera pollen was ellipse, and the size of them was moderate-sized. The pollen viability can be classified into five groups, but it should be combined with many testing methods to determine pollen viability before drawing a conclusion, TTC staining method was more suitable for determining pollen viability quickly.