Abstract:

By pot experiment, the changes of mesophyll cell ultrastructure of ear leaf were studied to explore the influence mechanism of organic manure on spring maize early senescence. The observations indicated that without organic manure, the inside and outside membrane structure of mesophyll cell became fuzzy, the chloroplast expanded and moved to cell center, the membrane of chloroplast became disintegrated, the disintegration of stroma and grana lamellae became severe, the double-membrane and inside structure of mitochondrial were unobvious and fuzzy, and the inside ridge degraded absolutely. With increasing of organic manure, the cell wall became thick, the shape of chloroplast became regular and moved to cell edge, the garland-type structure of mesophyll cell appeared,the double-membrane structure of mitochondrial became obvious, the number of inside ridge increased, the lamellae structure became integrated and close, the stroma and grana lamellae became visible and the stroma lamellae arranged regularly along long axis of chloroplast.At rate of 26.7 g/kg, the chloroplast with spindle or oval shape clinged on cell wall, the structure of cell wall and mitochondrial was integrated without appearance of loose phenomenon, the double-membrane structure of mitochondrial was visible, the inside ridge was also visible with much number and the lamellae structure was evidently better than that of other treaments. From the above observations it is concluded that organic manure application could protect cell structure from damage, and the effect was much better with increasing rate, which could prevent spring maize from early senescence.