Abstract: In order to identify Volvariella volvacea strains, the genetic diversity of 62 strains of V. volvacea were assessed using 7 primers of RAPD and ISSR molecular markers. The results showed that 46 DNA fragments with the sizes ranged from 250-2000 bp were amplified, and 43 (about 93.5% in average) of them were polymorphic. DNA fingerprints of different strains suggested that the genetic diversity were ubiquitous among these 62 strains, and the genetic similarity coefficient of 62 strains ranged from 0.63 to 0.97. The result of clustering analysis indicated that all of the 62 strains of V. volvacea could be divided into 25 distinct genetic groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.80, and strains V0062, V0079 and V0004 had the farthest genetic distance away from the other strains. The results also showed that the dissimilarity coefficient of each other of strain V0084 and V0085 was 0, and should be distinguished by some other methods.