Fungi with Corn Straw Decomposing Characterization at Low-temperature: Screening and Application in Straw Returning Field

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200200102

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study is to screen the fungi with straw degradation characterization at low temperature and to determine the application effect of these strains in the wheat-maize double cropping areas of northern Huanghuaihai. Straw degradation fungi were screened by Cellulose sodium-Congo red medium and liquid straw medium at 16℃. Morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify the strains. Sandbag method and field plot test were used to determine the straw degradation ability of the strains. A low temperature straw degradation fungus named as SDF-31 was screened and identified as Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The degradation rate of this strain was 43.89% and 56.73% respectively at 15 and 45 days after inoculation, significantly higher than that of the normal temperature inoculants and control. The original fiber structure of straw treated by SDF-31 was highly broken and a large number of fiber fragments were produced. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium of treatment SDF-31 were significantly higher than those of normal temperature inoculants and control. The content of available potassium and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen of treatment SDF-31 were 17.00% and 5.12% higher than that of normal temperature inoculants, 25.53% and 15.09% higher than that of control respectively. A strain of T. longibrachiatum SDF-31 with low temperature straw degradation is screened, and the research provides strain resources for straw returning at autumn and winter in northern Huanghuaihai.

Key words: corn straw, low temperature, straw degradation fungi, straw degradation rate, Trichoderma longibrachiatum

CLC Number:

S141.4

Huang Yali, Huang YuanYuan, Ma Huiyuan, Xu Bingxue, Jia Zhenhua, Song Shuishan, Li Zaixing, Jia Suqiao. Fungi with Corn Straw Decomposing Characterization at Low-temperature: Screening and Application in Straw Returning Field[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(21): 53-60.

Figures/Tables 8

References 32

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菌株编号	透明圈直径D/cm	菌落直径d/cm	D/d	降解率/%
SDF-07	2.00± 0.02 d	1.60± 0.01 c	2.14±0.02 b	27.39±0.3 c
SDF-31	3.10± 0.02 a	1.40± 0.03 e	2.21±0.02 a	40.45±0.4 a
SDF-43	2.80± 0.02 b	2.50± 0.04 a	2.14±0.01 b	29.40±0.3 b
SDF-95	1.80± 0.04 e	1.50± 0.02d	2.07±0.02 c	22.32±0.2e
SDF-106	2.50± 0.03c	2.30± 0.02 b	2.09±0.02 c	23.98±0.3 d

菌株编号	透明圈直径D/cm	菌落直径d/cm	D/d	降解率/%
SDF-07	2.00± 0.02 d	1.60± 0.01 c	2.14±0.02 b	27.39±0.3 c
SDF-31	3.10± 0.02 a	1.40± 0.03 e	2.21±0.02 a	40.45±0.4 a
SDF-43	2.80± 0.02 b	2.50± 0.04 a	2.14±0.01 b	29.40±0.3 b
SDF-95	1.80± 0.04 e	1.50± 0.02d	2.07±0.02 c	22.32±0.2e
SDF-106	2.50± 0.03c	2.30± 0.02 b	2.09±0.02 c	23.98±0.3 d

不同处理	秸秆降解率/%
不同处理	15 d	30 d	45 d
低温降解菌SDF-31(T1)	43.89±0.9a	49.63±0.6a	56.73±0.8a
常温降解菌剂(T2)	40.11±0.8b	44.36±0.6b	45.70±0.4b
空白对照(CK)	25.11±0.6c	37.53±0.7c	39.66±0.6c

不同处理	秸秆降解率/%
不同处理	15 d	30 d	45 d
低温降解菌SDF-31(T1)	43.89±0.9a	49.63±0.6a	56.73±0.8a
常温降解菌剂(T2)	40.11±0.8b	44.36±0.6b	45.70±0.4b
空白对照(CK)	25.11±0.6c	37.53±0.7c	39.66±0.6c

不同处理	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	容重/(N/m3)
低温秸秆降解菌SDF-31(T1)	33.74±0.55a	1.75±0.02a	114.80±2.35a	22.34±1.24a	206.50±3.56a	1.29±0.10a
常温降解菌剂(T2)	32.34±0.32a	1.6±0.03b	109.2±2.56b	17.84±1.11c	176.50±3.04b	1.27±0.09a
空白对照(CK)	29.87±0.22b	1.54±0.03b	99.75±2.92c	20.86±1.38b	164.50±2.59c	1.33±0.17a