The Cadmium and Lead Tolerance of Six Species of Melastoma Plants During Germination

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191200934

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to explore the tolerance of cadmium and lead of six species of Melastoma plants at the germination stage, and to provide a reference for screening cadmium-resistant and lead-resistant Melastoma plants for remediation of heavy metal polluted soil. The seeds of 6 Melastoma species were used as experimental materials, the germination test was carried out under the stress treatment of cadmium concentration (calculated as Cd²⁺) of 0, 5, 10, and 50 mg/L, and lead concentration (calculated as Pb²⁺) of 0, 200, 500, and 1000 mg/L. The germination rate, germination index, vigor index, hypocotyl length and radical length of Melastoma seeds during germination stage were determined under different gradients of cadmium and lead stress respectively. The membership function method and cluster analysis were used to evaluate and classify the cadmium and lead tolerance of the 6 species of Melastoma plants. The germination rate, germination index, vigor index, hypocotyl length and radical length of the 6 species of Melastoma plants showed a downward trend with the increase of cadmium and lead concentrations. Cadmium and lead stress could inhibit the growth of radical more than the hypocotyl growth. There were differences in cadmium and lead tolerance among the 6 species of Melastoma plants. It is found that Melastoma malabathricum, Melastoma candidum and Melastoma ‘Tianjiao’ have strong cadmium resistance and lead resistance, while Melastoma sanguineum, Melastoma ‘Yuncai’ and Melastoma ‘Chaoqun’ have poor cadmium resistance and lead resistance by comprehensive value of membership function and cluster analysis. Melastoma malabathricum, Melastoma candidum and Melastoma ‘Tianjiao’ have strong resistance to cadmium and lead, and can be used as pioneer plants for ecological restoration of soils polluted by cadmium and lead.

Key words: Melastoma, cadmium stress, lead stress, seed germination, cadmium resistance, lead resistance

CLC Number:

S888.2

Liu Xiaozhou, Zhang Xinjian, Yi Huilin, Zhou Renchao, Tan Guangwen. The Cadmium and Lead Tolerance of Six Species of Melastoma Plants During Germination[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(31): 42-48.

Figures/Tables 6

References 26

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名称	Cd²⁺浓度/(mg/L)		萌发率/%	萌发指数		活力指数		胚轴长/mm	幼根长/mm
印度野牡丹	0(CK)		68.67±1.89a	15.52±0.75a		172.84±8.39a		3.84±0.41a	7.30±0.88a
	5		62.67±0.94b	13.64±0.57b		85.55±3.59c		3.22±0.45c	3.05±0.63c
	10		52.67±0.94c	10.44±0.27c		52.22±1.33d		2.99±0.40d	2.01±0.37d
	50		42.67±2.49d	6.51±0.18d		16.93±0.46e		2.60±0.28e	0e
野牡丹	0(CK)		74.00±3.27a	16.08±0.76a		183.57±8.68a		3.53±0.43a	7.89±1.24a
	5		65.33±1.89b	14.84±0.51b		82.20±2.85c		3.20±0.37b	2.34±0.35c
	10		51.33±2.49c	10.20±0.30c		43.16±1.26d		2.56±0.31c	1.67±0.25d
	50		36.67±2.49d	5.36±0.40d		13.47±1.01e		1.98±0.25c	0e
毛稔	0(CK)		58.00±1.63a	9.96±0.19b		119.84±2.34a		4.16±0.42a	7.88±0.43a
	5		40.67±2.49b	5.98±0.18c		29.54±0.87c		2.95±0.31c	1.99±0.30c
	10		23.33±0.94c	2.87±0.14d		8.66±0.41d		1.93±0.31d	1.09±0.27d
	50		0d	0e		0e		0e	0e
‘天骄’	0(CK)		64.00±1.63a	11.39±0.48a		129.13±5.43a		4.11±0.57a	7.22±1.03a
	5		56.00±1.63b	8.50±0.13b		46.16±0.69c		3.20±0.37b	2.23±0.23c
	10		34.00±4.32c	5.20±0.92c		25.54±4.52d		2.93±0.41c	2.00±0.31c
	50		24.00±1.63d	3.51±0.12d		8.00±0.26e		2.28±0.30d	0d
‘云彩’		0(CK)	60.67±0.94a	7.98±0.31a	109.69±4.31a		5.21±0.36a		8.54±0.67a
		5	34.00±1.63c	4.88±0.19c	26.56±1.01c		3.20±0.37c		2.24±0.31c
		10	11.33±1.89d	1.59±0.25d	2.74±0.44d		1.72±0.38d		0d
		50	0e	0e	0e		0e		0e
‘超群’		0(CK)	45.33±2.49a	6.39±0.40a	83.39±5.25a		4.62±0.54a		8.43±0.40a
		5	10.00±0.00b	1.00±0.05c	2.60±0.12c		2.61±0.34b		0b
		10	4.00±1.63c	0.19±0.02d	0.20±0.02c		1.03±0.14c		0b
		50	0d	0d	0c		0d		0b

名称	Cd²⁺浓度/(mg/L)		萌发率/%	萌发指数		活力指数		胚轴长/mm	幼根长/mm
印度野牡丹	0(CK)		68.67±1.89a	15.52±0.75a		172.84±8.39a		3.84±0.41a	7.30±0.88a
	5		62.67±0.94b	13.64±0.57b		85.55±3.59c		3.22±0.45c	3.05±0.63c
	10		52.67±0.94c	10.44±0.27c		52.22±1.33d		2.99±0.40d	2.01±0.37d
	50		42.67±2.49d	6.51±0.18d		16.93±0.46e		2.60±0.28e	0e
野牡丹	0(CK)		74.00±3.27a	16.08±0.76a		183.57±8.68a		3.53±0.43a	7.89±1.24a
	5		65.33±1.89b	14.84±0.51b		82.20±2.85c		3.20±0.37b	2.34±0.35c
	10		51.33±2.49c	10.20±0.30c		43.16±1.26d		2.56±0.31c	1.67±0.25d
	50		36.67±2.49d	5.36±0.40d		13.47±1.01e		1.98±0.25c	0e
毛稔	0(CK)		58.00±1.63a	9.96±0.19b		119.84±2.34a		4.16±0.42a	7.88±0.43a
	5		40.67±2.49b	5.98±0.18c		29.54±0.87c		2.95±0.31c	1.99±0.30c
	10		23.33±0.94c	2.87±0.14d		8.66±0.41d		1.93±0.31d	1.09±0.27d
	50		0d	0e		0e		0e	0e
‘天骄’	0(CK)		64.00±1.63a	11.39±0.48a		129.13±5.43a		4.11±0.57a	7.22±1.03a
	5		56.00±1.63b	8.50±0.13b		46.16±0.69c		3.20±0.37b	2.23±0.23c
	10		34.00±4.32c	5.20±0.92c		25.54±4.52d		2.93±0.41c	2.00±0.31c
	50		24.00±1.63d	3.51±0.12d		8.00±0.26e		2.28±0.30d	0d
‘云彩’		0(CK)	60.67±0.94a	7.98±0.31a	109.69±4.31a		5.21±0.36a		8.54±0.67a
		5	34.00±1.63c	4.88±0.19c	26.56±1.01c		3.20±0.37c		2.24±0.31c
		10	11.33±1.89d	1.59±0.25d	2.74±0.44d		1.72±0.38d		0d
		50	0e	0e	0e		0e		0e
‘超群’		0(CK)	45.33±2.49a	6.39±0.40a	83.39±5.25a		4.62±0.54a		8.43±0.40a
		5	10.00±0.00b	1.00±0.05c	2.60±0.12c		2.61±0.34b		0b
		10	4.00±1.63c	0.19±0.02d	0.20±0.02c		1.03±0.14c		0b
		50	0d	0d	0c		0d		0b

名称	Pb²⁺浓度/(mg/L)	萌发率/%	萌发指数	活力指数	胚轴长/mm	幼根长/mm
印度野牡丹	0(CK)	68.67±1.89a	15.52±0.75a	172.84±8.39a	3.84±0.41a	7.30±0.88a
	200	64.00±1.63b	13.72±0.47b	95.65±3.26b	2.93±0.44b	4.04±0.56b
	500	38.67±0.90d	7.34±0.13c	34.17±0.59c	2.39±0.38c	2.27±0.34c
	1000	20.00±1.63e	2.33±0.13d	4.38±0.25d	1.88±0.30d	0d
野牡丹	0(CK)	74.00±3.27a	16.08±0.76a	183.57±8.68a	3.53±0.43a	7.89±1.24a
	200	72.00±5.90a	14.10±0.86b	106.86±6.54b	2.63±0.30b	4.95±0.77b
	500	42.67±2.49b	4.31±0.53c	19.54±2.39c	2.08±0.28c	2.45±0.40c
	1000	24.00±3.27c	2.39±0.18d	3.57±0.27d	1.50±0.15d	0d
毛稔	0(CK)	58.00±1.63a	9.96±0.19a	119.84±2.34a	4.16±0.42a	7.88±0.43a
	200	50.00±1.63b	7.16±0.28b	49.68±1.97b	3.06±0.32b	3.88±0.24b
	500	27.33±0.94c	4.41±0.26c	19.84±1.16c	2.54±0.30c	1.96±0.20c
	1000	13.33±0.94d	1.10±0.06d	1.70±0.08d	1.54±0.23d	0d
‘天骄’	0(CK)	64.00±1.63a	11.39±0.48a	129.13±5.43a	4.11±0.57a	7.22±1.03a
	200	58.67±1.89b	9.93±0.52b	75.73±3.94b	2.68±0.36b	4.94±0.46b
	500	36.00±1.63c	5.75±0.42c	30.67±2.24c	2.52±0.37b	2.81±0.50c
	1000	22.67±0.94d	2.44±0.09d	3.40±0.12d	1.39±0.27c	0d
‘云彩’	0(CK)	60.67±0.94a	7.98±0.31a	109.69±4.31a	5.21±0.36a	8.54±0.67a
	200	45.33±0.94b	7.18±0.08b	54.13±0.64b	4.03±0.35b	3.51±0.35b
	500	24.00±1.63c	2.35±0.18c	11.71±0.92c	3.08±0.30c	1.91±0.35c
	1000	10.00±3.27d	0.68±0.25d	1.37±0.49d	2.01±0.30d	0d
‘超群’	0(CK)	45.33±2.49a	6.39±0.40a	83.39±5.25a	4.62±0.54a	8.43±0.40a
	200	33.33±0.94b	5.12±0.17b	31.76±1.03b	3.19±0.48b	3.01±0.43b
	500	26.00±1.63c	2.80±0.31c	10.89±1.21c	2.47±0.40c	1.42±0.41c
	1000	14.67±2.49d	1.30±0.24d	2.91±0.54d	2.23±0.43c	0d

名称	Pb²⁺浓度/(mg/L)	萌发率/%	萌发指数	活力指数	胚轴长/mm	幼根长/mm
印度野牡丹	0(CK)	68.67±1.89a	15.52±0.75a	172.84±8.39a	3.84±0.41a	7.30±0.88a
	200	64.00±1.63b	13.72±0.47b	95.65±3.26b	2.93±0.44b	4.04±0.56b
	500	38.67±0.90d	7.34±0.13c	34.17±0.59c	2.39±0.38c	2.27±0.34c
	1000	20.00±1.63e	2.33±0.13d	4.38±0.25d	1.88±0.30d	0d
野牡丹	0(CK)	74.00±3.27a	16.08±0.76a	183.57±8.68a	3.53±0.43a	7.89±1.24a
	200	72.00±5.90a	14.10±0.86b	106.86±6.54b	2.63±0.30b	4.95±0.77b
	500	42.67±2.49b	4.31±0.53c	19.54±2.39c	2.08±0.28c	2.45±0.40c
	1000	24.00±3.27c	2.39±0.18d	3.57±0.27d	1.50±0.15d	0d
毛稔	0(CK)	58.00±1.63a	9.96±0.19a	119.84±2.34a	4.16±0.42a	7.88±0.43a
	200	50.00±1.63b	7.16±0.28b	49.68±1.97b	3.06±0.32b	3.88±0.24b
	500	27.33±0.94c	4.41±0.26c	19.84±1.16c	2.54±0.30c	1.96±0.20c
	1000	13.33±0.94d	1.10±0.06d	1.70±0.08d	1.54±0.23d	0d
‘天骄’	0(CK)	64.00±1.63a	11.39±0.48a	129.13±5.43a	4.11±0.57a	7.22±1.03a
	200	58.67±1.89b	9.93±0.52b	75.73±3.94b	2.68±0.36b	4.94±0.46b
	500	36.00±1.63c	5.75±0.42c	30.67±2.24c	2.52±0.37b	2.81±0.50c
	1000	22.67±0.94d	2.44±0.09d	3.40±0.12d	1.39±0.27c	0d
‘云彩’	0(CK)	60.67±0.94a	7.98±0.31a	109.69±4.31a	5.21±0.36a	8.54±0.67a
	200	45.33±0.94b	7.18±0.08b	54.13±0.64b	4.03±0.35b	3.51±0.35b
	500	24.00±1.63c	2.35±0.18c	11.71±0.92c	3.08±0.30c	1.91±0.35c
	1000	10.00±3.27d	0.68±0.25d	1.37±0.49d	2.01±0.30d	0d
‘超群’	0(CK)	45.33±2.49a	6.39±0.40a	83.39±5.25a	4.62±0.54a	8.43±0.40a
	200	33.33±0.94b	5.12±0.17b	31.76±1.03b	3.19±0.48b	3.01±0.43b
	500	26.00±1.63c	2.80±0.31c	10.89±1.21c	2.47±0.40c	1.42±0.41c
	1000	14.67±2.49d	1.30±0.24d	2.91±0.54d	2.23±0.43c	0d

名称	相对萌发率			相对萌发指数			相对活力指数			相对胚轴长			相对幼根长			隶属函数综合值	排名
名称	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	50 mg/L	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	50 mg/L	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	50 mg/L	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	50 mg/L	5 mg/L	10 mg/L	50 mg/L	隶属函数综合值	排名
印度野牡丹	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.95	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.80	1.00	0.96	1.00	1.00	0.00	13.71	1
野牡丹	0.96	0.88	0.81	1.00	0.94	0.79	0.91	0.80	0.70	1.00	0.91	1.00	0.71	0.75	0.00	12.16	2
毛稔	0.70	0.39	0.00	0.58	0.41	0.00	0.48	0.23	0.00	0.43	0.45	0.00	0.60	0.50	0.00	4.75	4
‘天骄’	0.96	0.61	0.61	0.78	0.67	0.74	0.72	0.67	0.60	0.63	0.88	0.77	0.74	1.00	0.00	10.37	3
‘云彩’	0.49	0.14	0.00	0.59	0.27	0.00	0.46	0.07	0.00	0.14	0.20	0.00	0.62	0.00	0.00	2.97	5
‘超群’	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	6