Screening Nutrient Solution Formulas for Static Hydroponics of Sweet Potato ‘Shangshu 19’ Plantlet and Analysis of Endogenous Hormone Concentrations

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1083

Abstract

Abstract:

To provide reference for establishing rapid propagation system for virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlet, this study screened the optimal nutrient solution formula for sweet potato ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets growing under static hydroponics, clarified the kinds of endogenous hormones and the effects of hydroponics on hormones in sweet potato plantlet leaves. The effects of different nutrient solution formulas with different concentrations on the growth of virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets were studied by using the nutrient solutions including circulating water lettuce nutrition formula, Hoagland nutrient solution, and MS microelement, clear water was used as the control treatment. Under hydroponics and soil culture, endogenous hormones were detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that: under the static hydroponics for 20 days, the maximum root length, average fresh root weight, relative chlorophyll content and average stem length of sweet potato plants were the best in 1/2 Hoagland nutrient solution, better than those in other nutrient solution treatments. 16 kinds of endogenous hormones were tested, 11 of them were detected in the sweet potato plants. Compared with those of the control, the concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) decreased by 71.37%, the concentration of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) decreased by 51.64%, and the concentration of jasmonic acid (JA) increased by 231.68% in hydroponic plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report on virus-free ‘Shangshu 19’ plantlets which were cultured under hydroponics. 1/2-Hoagland nutrient solution is the most suitable solution for hydroponics. For the first time, 11 endogenous hormones in sweet potato were detected under hydroponic conditions. Compared with the control, the concentration of ABA and IAA in sweet potato plants under hydroponics decreased, and the concentration of JA increased. The concentration of ABA, JA and IAA varied greatly. The results can provide reference for further research and utilization of sweet potato hydroponic technology and the establishment of sweet potato plant factories.

Key words: hydroponics, nutrient solution formula, ‘Shangshu 19’, Hoagland nutrient solution, endogenous hormone

CLC Number:

S531

WANG Yongjiang, WANG Shuang, QIAO Qi, TIAN Yuting. Screening Nutrient Solution Formulas for Static Hydroponics of Sweet Potato ‘Shangshu 19’ Plantlet and Analysis of Endogenous Hormone Concentrations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(32): 99-105.

Figures/Tables 4

References 35

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营养元素	处理浓度mg/L
营养元素	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	1/2 Ⅰ	1/2 Ⅱ	1/2 Ⅲ	1/4 Ⅰ	1/4 Ⅱ	1/4 Ⅲ
Ca(NO₃)₂ 4H₂O	1122	944.6	-	561	472.3	-	280.5	236.15	-
KNO₃	910	606.6	1900	455	303.3	950	227.5	151.65	475
MgSO₄ 7H₂O	247.0	492.9	370	123.5	246.45	185	61.75	123.23	92.5
NH₄H₂PO₄	40	115	-	20	57.5	-	10	28.75	-
KH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5
K₂HPO₄	272	170	-	136	85	-	68	42.5	-
NH₄NO₃	-	-	1650	-	-	825	-	-	412.5
CaCI_2·2H₂O	-	-	440	-	-	220	-	-	110
NaH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5

营养元素	处理浓度mg/L
营养元素	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	1/2 Ⅰ	1/2 Ⅱ	1/2 Ⅲ	1/4 Ⅰ	1/4 Ⅱ	1/4 Ⅲ
Ca(NO₃)₂ 4H₂O	1122	944.6	-	561	472.3	-	280.5	236.15	-
KNO₃	910	606.6	1900	455	303.3	950	227.5	151.65	475
MgSO₄ 7H₂O	247.0	492.9	370	123.5	246.45	185	61.75	123.23	92.5
NH₄H₂PO₄	40	115	-	20	57.5	-	10	28.75	-
KH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5
K₂HPO₄	272	170	-	136	85	-	68	42.5	-
NH₄NO₃	-	-	1650	-	-	825	-	-	412.5
CaCI_2·2H₂O	-	-	440	-	-	220	-	-	110
NaH₂PO₄	-	-	170	-	-	85	-	-	42.5

营养液处理	5天最大根长/cm	5天平均根长/ cm	20天最长根长/cm	20天平均根长/ cm	平均鲜根重/(g/株)	平均鲜根体积/ mL	20天平均茎长/cm	最长茎长/ cm
Ⅰ	8.5	6.28abc	34.0	29.93ab	5.43bcd	5.37cd	10.58bcd	13.5
Ⅱ	10.3	6.83abc	35.5	31.44a	6.03b	5.78bc	13.50a	16.2
Ⅲ	9.0	6.16bc	33.4	28.87ab	5.11bcd	4.9cde	12.41abc	15.0
1/2 Ⅰ	9.5	7.38ab	33.3	28.98ab	6.91a	6.50ab	13.1ab	14.7
1/2 Ⅱ	11.0	7.93a	35.5	31.39a	7.32a	6.83a	13.93a	16.5
1/2 Ⅲ	9.5	7.00abc	34.3	26.60b	5.50bcd	5.33cd	13.06ab	15.2
1/4 Ⅰ	9.0	6.48abc	32.5	25.8b	5.10bcd	4.72de	10.23cd	12.5
1/4 Ⅱ	9.0	6.28abc	32.0	27.00	5.67bc	5.20cde	10.47cd	12.6
1/4 Ⅲ	9.0	6.12bc	31.0	25.68b	4.97cd	4.65de	9.45d	11.4
清水	9.0	5.23c	25.5	15.30c	4.63d	4.33e	6.40	9.5

营养液处理	5天最大根长/cm	5天平均根长/ cm	20天最长根长/cm	20天平均根长/ cm	平均鲜根重/(g/株)	平均鲜根体积/ mL	20天平均茎长/cm	最长茎长/ cm
Ⅰ	8.5	6.28abc	34.0	29.93ab	5.43bcd	5.37cd	10.58bcd	13.5
Ⅱ	10.3	6.83abc	35.5	31.44a	6.03b	5.78bc	13.50a	16.2
Ⅲ	9.0	6.16bc	33.4	28.87ab	5.11bcd	4.9cde	12.41abc	15.0
1/2 Ⅰ	9.5	7.38ab	33.3	28.98ab	6.91a	6.50ab	13.1ab	14.7
1/2 Ⅱ	11.0	7.93a	35.5	31.39a	7.32a	6.83a	13.93a	16.5
1/2 Ⅲ	9.5	7.00abc	34.3	26.60b	5.50bcd	5.33cd	13.06ab	15.2
1/4 Ⅰ	9.0	6.48abc	32.5	25.8b	5.10bcd	4.72de	10.23cd	12.5
1/4 Ⅱ	9.0	6.28abc	32.0	27.00	5.67bc	5.20cde	10.47cd	12.6
1/4 Ⅲ	9.0	6.12bc	31.0	25.68b	4.97cd	4.65de	9.45d	11.4
清水	9.0	5.23c	25.5	15.30c	4.63d	4.33e	6.40	9.5

	1 d	5 d	10 d	15 d	20 d
Ⅰ	38.90a	35.8c	45.3ab	47.75ab	47.45ab
Ⅱ	38.93a	36.64bc	45.53ab	48.24a	48.41a
Ⅲ	38.98a	36.68bc	44.66b	45.10bc	44.65c
1/2 Ⅰ	39.01a	37.97a	45.74ab	46.50abc	46.35b
1/2 Ⅱ	38.65a	37.36ab	46.53a	48.08a	47.75a
1/2 Ⅲ	38.85a	37.25ab	42.87c	44.63c	43.62c
1/4 Ⅰ	38.95a	36.51bc	39.40d	41.2d	36.21d
1/4 Ⅱ	38.75a	36.65bc	39.65d	40.53d	37.43d
1/4 Ⅲ	39.12a	36.32bc	38.48d	34.92e	34.43e
清水	38.95a	36.02bc	30.34e	26.43f	20.85f