Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rate on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Rapeseed in Coastal Saline Soil

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1200

Abstract

Abstract:

The conventional Brassica napus cultivar ‘Ningyou 20’ was planted to study the effects of phosphorus fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter accumulation of rapeseed in saline soil. Leaf area indexes, leaf net photosynthetic rate and dry matter weight at different growth stages were tested. The results showed that, in the range of 0-120 kg/hm² phosphate fertilizer application, with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer rate, the leaf area index and dry matter weight at seedling stage and early flowering stage increased, and the yield and dry matter weight at maturing stage also increased. Oil content was low in the treatments of zero and 30 kg/hm² phosphorus fertilizer rate. When the phosphorus fertilizer rate reached 60 kg/hm², there was no significant change in oil content with the further increase of the rate. The variation trend of leaf net photosynthetic rate with the change of the phosphorus fertilizer rate at seedling stage was consistent with that of the dry matter weight. With the phosphorus fertilizer rate reaching 60 kg/hm², there was no significant increase in leaf net photosynthetic rate with the further increase of phosphorus fertilizer rate at early flowering stage.

Key words: rapeseed, saline soil, phosphorus fertilizer rate, photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation

CLC Number:

S311

ZHANG Baohan, LIU Jingyi, YOU Jingjing, ZUO Qingsong. Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rate on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Dry Matter Accumulation of Rapeseed in Coastal Saline Soil[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(34): 22-26.

Figures/Tables 6

References 27

[1]	王汉中. 我国油菜产需形势分析及产业发展对策[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2007, 29(1):101-105.
[2]	齐照明, 侯萌, 韩雪, 等. 东北地区大豆主栽品种油份蛋白含量的关联分析[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2014, 36(2):168-174.
[3]	ZUO Q S, ZHOU G S, YANG S F, et al. Effects of nitrogen rate and genotype on seed protein and amino acid content in canola[J]. Journal of agricultural science, 2016, 154(3):438-455.
[4]	高建芹, 浦惠明, 龙卫华, 等. 高油酸甘蓝型油菜油酸积累动态[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2012, 34(4):359-365.
[5]	HU Q, HUA W, YIN Y, et al. Rapeseed research and production in China[J]. Crop journal, 2017, 5:127-135. doi: 10.1016/j.cj.2016.06.005
[6]	张洁夫, 戚存扣. 江苏油菜产业可持续发展的关键技术[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2013, 29(6):1236-1240.
[7]	吴崇友, 易中懿. 我国油菜全程机械化技术路线的选择[J]. 中国农机化, 2009(2):3-6.
[8]	周广生, 左青松, 廖庆喜, 等. 我国油菜机械化生产现状、存在问题及对策[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2013, 52(9):2153-2156.
[9]	束邱恺, 高永年, 刘友兆, 等. 江苏沿海地区土地利用生态价值测算评估[J]. 地球信息科学学报, 2016, 18(6):787-796. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1047.2016.00787
[10]	傅寿仲, 朱耕如. 江苏油作科学[M]. 南京: 江苏科学技术出版社, 1995:248-251.
[11]	鲁剑巍, 陈防, 张竹青, 等. 磷肥用量对油菜产量、养分吸收及经济效益的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2005, 27(1):73-76.
[12]	左青松, 赵建明, 王宣山. 江苏沿海中度盐碱地油菜种植技术与施肥分析[J]. 中国农技推广, 2019(增刊Ⅰ):94-95.
[13]	鲁艳红, 廖育林, 黄凤球, 等. 湖南省油菜施磷效应及土壤速效磷丰缺指标研究[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2011(3):49-53.
[14]	雷建明, 杨志奇, 俄胜哲, 等. 磷及有机肥对白菜型冬油菜产量及品质的影响[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2016, 34(5):146-151.
[15]	龙卫华, 浦惠明, 陈松, 等. 油菜3个栽培种发芽期耐盐性评价[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2014, 15(1):32-37.
[16]	王静, 葛均筑, 郑志广, 等. 盐分胁迫对油菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 天津农业科学, 2019, 25(11):17-21.
[17]	丁富功, 卢奕霏, 康珍, 等. 混合盐碱胁迫对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J]. 长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 17(3):73-80.
[18]	刘梅, 郑青松, 刘兆普, 等. 盐胁迫下氮素形态对油菜和水稻幼苗离子运输和分布的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2015, 21(1):181-189.
[19]	赖晶, 李巧丽, 张小花, 等. 外源ATP对盐胁迫下油菜幼苗生长的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(6):1983-1993.
[20]	张妙娟, 吴琼, 张引弟. NaCl胁迫对油菜幼苗生长的影响研究[J]. 种子科技, 2020, 38(23):11-14.
[21]	刘海燕, 隆小华, 刘兆普. 比较研究苏北沿海滩涂盐土上不同油菜品种生物学特征和产量构成[J]. 土壤, 2010, 42(6):983-986.
[22]	朱孔志, 吴明昊, 申玉香, 等. 不同油菜品种在盐碱地的耐盐性鉴定及筛选[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2018, 59(8):1354-1356.
[23]	韩配配, 胡小加, 廖祥生, 等. 盛花期油菜绿肥还田对土壤微生物和后茬花生的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2019, 41(4):638-642.
[24]	李文广, 杨晓晓, 黄春国, 等. 饲料油菜作绿肥对后茬麦田土壤肥力及细菌群落的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2019, 52(15):2664-2677.
[25]	张敏, 钟志堂, 金梅, 等. 江苏省油菜生产现状与问题分析[J]. 中国农机化学报, 2021, 42(8):209-213. doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2021.08.28
[26]	吕丽媛, 伍玉鹏, 孙振钧, 等. 有机肥对盐碱土蓖麻苗生长的调控作用[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2013, 18(3):73-80.
[27]	郑普山, 冯悦晨, 郝保平, 等. 不同时期施用土壤改良剂对河灌区苏打盐碱地土壤及青贮玉米生长的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(30):55-59.

磷肥用量/(kg/hm²)	叶面积指数		净光合速率/[μmolCO₂/(m²·s)]
磷肥用量/(kg/hm²)	苗期	初花期	苗期	初花期
0	1.78±0.01e	3.66±0.17d	15.97±0.41e	22.15±0.41c
30	1.96±0.05d	3.90±0.12cd	17.72±0.10d	23.56±0.69b
60	2.15±0.05c	4.14±0.14c	18.51±0.53c	24.83±0.50a
90	2.26±0.03b	4.45±0.05b	19.94±0.17b	24.88±0.51a
120	2.40±0.02a	4.76±0.15a	21.06±0.27a	24.71±0.57a
150	2.40±0.06a	4.77±0.10a	21.41±0.27a	24.65±0.87a

磷肥用量/(kg/hm²)	叶面积指数		净光合速率/[μmolCO₂/(m²·s)]
磷肥用量/(kg/hm²)	苗期	初花期	苗期	初花期
0	1.78±0.01e	3.66±0.17d	15.97±0.41e	22.15±0.41c
30	1.96±0.05d	3.90±0.12cd	17.72±0.10d	23.56±0.69b
60	2.15±0.05c	4.14±0.14c	18.51±0.53c	24.83±0.50a
90	2.26±0.03b	4.45±0.05b	19.94±0.17b	24.88±0.51a
120	2.40±0.02a	4.76±0.15a	21.06±0.27a	24.71±0.57a
150	2.40±0.06a	4.77±0.10a	21.41±0.27a	24.65±0.87a