Changes of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Black Wheat and the Influence on Yield

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0531

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to provide a theoretical basis for breeding high-yield black wheat varieties by photosynthetic pathway, 5 black wheat lines and 1 common wheat variety (CK) were used as materials, the changes of 5 photosynthetic characteristic indexes (PCI) of flag leaves and the relationship between PCI and grain yield (GY) were studied during 7 growth periods from heading stage (HS) to early mature stage (EMS).The results showed that: compared with CK, the chlorophyll contents (CC) of the 5 black wheat lines in heading stage to late grain filling stage (HS-LSFP) were significantly lower. The green leaf area (GLA) of the 5 black wheat lines were lower in LSFP but higher in EMS, the growth rates of biological yield (BY) were significantly higher in early to middle grain filling stage (ESFP-MSFP) but significantly lower in flowering stage to early grain filling stage (FS-ESFP) and final grain filling stage to early mature stage (FSFP-EMS).The grain filling rate (GFR) of the 5 black wheat lines were significantly lower in ESFP-MSFP and middle to late grain filling stage (MSFP-LSFP). All the 5 PCIs had significantly positive correlation with GY. The change rates of the 5 PCIs were positively correlated with GY in heading stage to flowering stage(HS-FS) and flowering stage to early grain filling stage (FS-ESFP), while were negatively correlated with GY in middle to late grain filling stage (MSFP-LSFP), late to final grain filling stage (LSFP-FSFP) and final grain filling stage to early mature stage (FSFP-EMS). The correlation degree between the PCI and GY was green leaf area (GLA)>transpiration rate (Trm)> net photosynthetic rate (Pn)>stomatal conductance (Gs)>chlorophyll content (CC). The correlation degree between the change rate of PCI and GY was Pn>Gs>Trm>CC>GLA. The correlation degree between the PCI and GY in different periods was MSFP>ESFP>LSFP>FSFP>HS>FS>EMS, while the correlation degree between the change rate of PCI and GY in different periods was FS-ESFP>HS-FS>ESFP-MSFP>FSFP-EMS>LSFP-FSFP>MSFP-LSFP. In conclusion, it is an important way to improve the yield of black wheat by breeding the lines with higher CC, Pn, Gs and GLA of flag leaves in heading stage to middle grain filling stage.

Key words: black wheat, after heading stage, photosynthetic characteristics, yield level, influence

CLC Number:

S565.4

ZHANG Yaowen, ZHAO Pengtao, LI Jiming, ZHAO Xiaoguang, SHANG Yi, ZHANG Zhenlan, ZHAI Zhouping, LI Longhua. Changes of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Black Wheat and the Influence on Yield[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(21): 7-16.

Figures/Tables 10

References 34

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	抽穗期	开花期	灌浆前期	灌浆中期	灌浆后期	灌浆末期	成熟前期	平均
Pn	0.39	0.42	0.52^*	0.69^*	0.56^*	0.49	0.13	0.46
Gs	0.34	0.41	0.61^*	0.62^*	0.44	0.34	0.21	0.42
Trm	0.41	0.43	0.53^*	0.67^*	0.55^*	0.47	0.26	0.47
CC	0.26	0.27	0.39	0.56^*	0.48^*	0.44	0.34	0.39
GLA	0.35	0.41	0.68^*	0.62^*	0.78^**	0.58^*	0.39	0.53
平均	0.35	0.39	0.55	0.63	0.54	0.47	0.27

	抽穗期	开花期	灌浆前期	灌浆中期	灌浆后期	灌浆末期	成熟前期	平均
Pn	0.39	0.42	0.52^*	0.69^*	0.56^*	0.49	0.13	0.46
Gs	0.34	0.41	0.61^*	0.62^*	0.44	0.34	0.21	0.42
Trm	0.41	0.43	0.53^*	0.67^*	0.55^*	0.47	0.26	0.47
CC	0.26	0.27	0.39	0.56^*	0.48^*	0.44	0.34	0.39
GLA	0.35	0.41	0.68^*	0.62^*	0.78^**	0.58^*	0.39	0.53
平均	0.35	0.39	0.55	0.63	0.54	0.47	0.27

	抽穗期—开花期	开花期—灌浆前期	灌浆前期—中期	灌浆中期—后期	灌浆后期—末期	灌浆末期—成熟前期	平均
Pn	0.54^*	0.66^*	0.58^*	-0.56^*	-0.35	-0.39	0.08
Gs	0.52^*	0.64^*	0.16	-0.57^*	-0.37	-0.28	0.02
Trm	0.54^*	0.62^*	-0.39	-0.53^*	-0.29	-0.36	-0.07
CC	0.47	0.56^*	-0.22	-0.56^*	-0.69^*	-0.38	-0.14
GLA	0.57^*	0.24	-0.46	-0.69^*	-0.71^**	-0.45	-0.25
平均	0.53	0.54	-0.07	-0.58	-0.48	-0.37

	抽穗期—开花期	开花期—灌浆前期	灌浆前期—中期	灌浆中期—后期	灌浆后期—末期	灌浆末期—成熟前期	平均
Pn	0.54^*	0.66^*	0.58^*	-0.56^*	-0.35	-0.39	0.08
Gs	0.52^*	0.64^*	0.16	-0.57^*	-0.37	-0.28	0.02
Trm	0.54^*	0.62^*	-0.39	-0.53^*	-0.29	-0.36	-0.07
CC	0.47	0.56^*	-0.22	-0.56^*	-0.69^*	-0.38	-0.14
GLA	0.57^*	0.24	-0.46	-0.69^*	-0.71^**	-0.45	-0.25
平均	0.53	0.54	-0.07	-0.58	-0.48	-0.37