Large-Panicle Rice Varieties: Synergistic Enhancement of Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0843

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to clarify the differences in yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice varieties with different types of panicles, and to explore their corresponding high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques. Field experiments were conducted with a large-panicle variety ‘Y-Liangyou 900’ and two multi-panicle varieties ‘Fengliangyou 4’ and ‘C-Liangyouhuazhan’ under three nitrogen treatments (0, 180 and 270 kg N/hm²). The results showed that the average yield of ‘Y-Liangyou 900’ was 10.83 kg/hm² under the three nitrogen treatments, which was 17.3% and 5.5% higher than that of ‘Fengliangyou 4’ and ‘C-Liangyouhuazhan’, respectively. The yield advantage of ‘Y-Liangyou 900’ was mainly due to higher grain number per panicle and dry matter accumulation. The agronomic nitrogen use efficiency of ‘Y-Liangyou 900’ was 310.6% and 28.5% higher than that of ‘Fengliangyou 4’ and ‘C-Liangyouhuazhan’, respectively, and the nitrogen partial productivity was 23.5% and 6.7% higher, respectively. In summary, the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of large-panicle rice varieties are significantly higher than those of multi-panicle varieties, indicating that large-panicle varieties might have the synergistic enhancement potential of yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice.

Key words: rice, large-panicle variety, nitrogen use efficiency, grain yield, dry matter

CLC Number:

S511
S359.1

ZHONG Xuefen, CHONG Haotian, GUO Zhan, HUANG Liying, ZHANG Yunbo. Large-Panicle Rice Varieties: Synergistic Enhancement of Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(21): 1-6.

Figures/Tables 6

References 20

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品种	氮处理	有效穗数/m²	每穗粒数(Nos)	结实率/%	千粒重/g
Y两优900	N1	214.6b	270.2c	60.6c	21.4a
	N2	268.8a	298.8b	73.0a	22.2a
	N3	289.6a	322.6a	68.0b	21.9a
	Mean	257.7C	297.5A	67.2B	21.8B
丰两优4号	N1	328.3b	168.2b	63.2b	24.3a
	N2	333.3b	191.7a	69.5a	24.9a
	N3	409.6a	183.7ab	67.4a	24.2a
	Mean	357.1B	181.2C	66.7B	24.5A
C两优华占	N1	326.7c	186.8b	75.3a	20.3ab
	N2	379.2b	234.7a	75.7a	19.1b
	N3	431.3a	157.0c	65.9b	21.5a
	Mean	379.1A	192.8B	72.3A	20.3C
差异分析	N	**	*	**	ns
	V	**	**	ns	**
	N×V	ns	**	**	ns

品种	氮处理	有效穗数/m²	每穗粒数(Nos)	结实率/%	千粒重/g
Y两优900	N1	214.6b	270.2c	60.6c	21.4a
	N2	268.8a	298.8b	73.0a	22.2a
	N3	289.6a	322.6a	68.0b	21.9a
	Mean	257.7C	297.5A	67.2B	21.8B
丰两优4号	N1	328.3b	168.2b	63.2b	24.3a
	N2	333.3b	191.7a	69.5a	24.9a
	N3	409.6a	183.7ab	67.4a	24.2a
	Mean	357.1B	181.2C	66.7B	24.5A
C两优华占	N1	326.7c	186.8b	75.3a	20.3ab
	N2	379.2b	234.7a	75.7a	19.1b
	N3	431.3a	157.0c	65.9b	21.5a
	Mean	379.1A	192.8B	72.3A	20.3C
差异分析	N	**	*	**	ns
	V	**	**	ns	**
	N×V	ns	**	**	ns

品种	氮处理	齐穗期				成熟期
品种	氮处理	茎	叶	穗	总干物质量	茎叶	穗	总干物质量
Y两优900	N1	383.5c	238.3c	231.9a	853.8c	845.2c	1174.5c	2019.7b
	N2	535.4b	329.0b	150.0b	1014.4b	1234.0a	1325.7b	2559.7a
	N3	644.0a	357.3a	215.2a	1216.5a	1089.2b	1571.2a	2660.4a
	Mean	521.0B	308.2B	199A	1028.2B	1056.1A	1357.1A	2413.3A
丰两优4号	N1	382.1c	200.4c	157.7b	740.2b	909.0b	1022.5c	1931.5c
	N2	665.4b	405.2b	183.5a	1254.2a	1033.5a	1256.9b	2290.5b
	N3	674.2a	414.6a	180.6a	1269.4a	1075.4a	1408.1a	2483.5a
	Mean	573.9A	340.1A	173.9C	1087.9A	1006.0B	1229.2B	2235.2B
C两优华占	N1	451.9c	220.0c	177.3c	849.12c	711.7b	1046.2c	1757.9c
	N2	487.7b	266.0b	180.8b	934.6b	863.1ab	1238.7b	2101.9b
	N3	569.8a	344.6a	192.9a	1107.3a	1110.2a	1446.3a	2556.5a
	Mean	503.1C	276.9C	183.7B	963.7C	895.0C	1243.7B	2138.8C
差异分析	N	^*	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
	V	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
	N×V	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**

品种	氮处理	齐穗期				成熟期
品种	氮处理	茎	叶	穗	总干物质量	茎叶	穗	总干物质量
Y两优900	N1	383.5c	238.3c	231.9a	853.8c	845.2c	1174.5c	2019.7b
	N2	535.4b	329.0b	150.0b	1014.4b	1234.0a	1325.7b	2559.7a
	N3	644.0a	357.3a	215.2a	1216.5a	1089.2b	1571.2a	2660.4a
	Mean	521.0B	308.2B	199A	1028.2B	1056.1A	1357.1A	2413.3A
丰两优4号	N1	382.1c	200.4c	157.7b	740.2b	909.0b	1022.5c	1931.5c
	N2	665.4b	405.2b	183.5a	1254.2a	1033.5a	1256.9b	2290.5b
	N3	674.2a	414.6a	180.6a	1269.4a	1075.4a	1408.1a	2483.5a
	Mean	573.9A	340.1A	173.9C	1087.9A	1006.0B	1229.2B	2235.2B
C两优华占	N1	451.9c	220.0c	177.3c	849.12c	711.7b	1046.2c	1757.9c
	N2	487.7b	266.0b	180.8b	934.6b	863.1ab	1238.7b	2101.9b
	N3	569.8a	344.6a	192.9a	1107.3a	1110.2a	1446.3a	2556.5a
	Mean	503.1C	276.9C	183.7B	963.7C	895.0C	1243.7B	2138.8C
差异分析	N	^*	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
	V	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
	N×V	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**

品种	氮处理	比叶重/(g/m²)	高效叶面积比例/%	叶面积指数
Y两优900	N1	39.0 b	53.1 c	4.0 c
	N2	40.6 b	62.7 b	4.6 b
	N3	45.1 a	71.0 a	5.1 a
	Mean	41.6 A	62.3 A	4.6 B
丰两优4号	N1	30.6 b	47.3 b	3.8 c
	N2	40.3 ab	63.6 ab	4.7 b
	N3	41.4 a	67.5 ab	5.3 a
	Mean	37.4 B	59.5 B	4.6 B
C两优华占	N1	36.1 c	55.4 c	4.2 c
	N2	38.9 b	60.3 b	4.9 b
	N3	41.4 a	64.8 a	5.3 a
	Mean	38.8 B	60.2 B	4.8 A
差异分析	N	^*	^**	^**
	V	^*	ns	ns
	N×V	ns	^*	ns