Abstract:

Volvariella volvacea can be produced by straw substrate. In order to improve the utilization rate and benefit of straw wastes, and promote the new high-efficiency cultivation technology, we explored the feasibility of the annual rotation pattern of rice-straw mushroom-vegetable from the perspectives of nutritional evaluation and economic benefit analysis. The straw was collected and used for straw mushroom cultivation, the fruiting-body protein, amino acid, mineral ions and other components of mushroom were detected. The proportion of essential amino acids (EAA), ratio of essential amino acids to WHO/FAO model spectral values (RAA), amino acid ratio coefficient (RC) and amino acid ratio coefficient evaluation score (SRC) were evaluated. Soil organic matter was detected and the economic benefits were calculated. The fresh protein, fat, carbohydrate, potassium and phosphorus were 2.93% (36.63% for dry), 0.3%, 3.8%, 3.05×10³ mg/kg, and 1.05×10³ mg/kg, respectively. The cultivated mushroom contained 17 kinds of hydrolyzed amino acids, of which essential amino acids accounted for 32%, glutamate content was the highest, and branch chain amino acids accounted for 15.13%. RAA values of six essential amino acids were close to those of WHO/FAO model, and SRC values were 64. Twenty kinds of free amino acids were detected, and sweet and umami amino acids accounted for 44.43%. Glutamic acid was the main umami amino acid. Soil organic matter content increased by 20.33% after fungus residue was returned to the field. Straw mushroom cultivation earnings are eight times that of rice. The pure straw substrate cultivation of Volvariella volvacea has many benefits, such as rich in nutrition, good economic benefit, and improving soil organic matter content by fungus residue, so it is suitable for application in main rice producing areas in south China.

Key words: Volvariella volvacea, nutrition, benefit, rotation, cyclic utilization