Abstract:

In recent years, the phenomenon of increasing extreme weather (climate) events, frequent natural disasters has been widely presented around the world. The study aims to scientifically understand the effect of freezing injury of Prunus domestica L. in Heshuo, reduce the loss of florescence due to freezing injury, and improve the planting benefit. This article used daily weather data during 1991-2023 in national ground meteorological station of Heshuo and investigation data about freezing injury of Prunus domestica L. from 2003 to 2023, the factors such as the happening time, type, and limit temperature were analyzed by making the investigation of historical disaster conditions. The characteristics of meteorological factors were analyzed to study the relationship between freeze injury and meteorological factors. The results showed that: (1) the annual average temperature, extremely maximum and minimum temperature in Heshuo County increased from 1991 to 2023, the climate trend rates for annual average temperature, extremely maximum and minimum temperature were 0.20 ℃/10a, 0.38 ℃/10a and 0.26 ℃/10a^-1 respectively; (2) the date of germination, sepal showing, petal baring, initial blooming, full blooming was ahead of time by 3.2 to 4.6 d/10 a(P<0.01); (3) the main reason for the freezing injury of Prunus domestica L. was the extreme minimum temperature in winter, strong wind and serious sandstorm, cold spell duration days, severe cooling, and heavy snowfall. The results of this study provide a reference for the monitoring and early warning of freezing damage and disaster prevention and mitigation of Prunus domestica L., and provide a theoretical reference for the rational cultivation and management, so as to promote the healthy development of Prunus domestica L. industry.

Key words: Prunus domestica L., low-temperature freezing damage, agro-meteorological factors, Heshuo County