Abstract:

In order to study the variation trend of meteorological factors in maize growth period and their influence on maize yield, the daily data of six meteorological factors and annual maize yield data in Yangquan City from April to September of 2002 to 2021 were analyzed using different methods such as M-K mutation test and Spearman correlation test. It was found that the average temperature, daily maximum and daily minimum temperature all showed an increasing trend during maize growth period, and the average temperature and daily minimum temperature increased significantly after 2018.The relative humidity and sunshine hours showed a downward trend, while the precipitation showed an upward trend, and the change trend was not significant. From 2002 to 2021, the actual yield of maize in Yangquan City showed a fluctuating upward trend, while the trend yield was rapid increased and then slow decreased, and the meteorological output showed a slow growth trend, but the difference between years was obvious. Average relative humidity and maximum temperature had the greatest influence on meteorological yield, reaching extremely significant correlation level, followed by precipitation and average temperature, showing significant correlation level, while minimum temperature and sunshine hours had no significant correlation with meteorological yield. The results can provide theoretical support for optimizing the structure of agricultural resources and promoting the sustainable development of regional agriculture.

Key words: maize growth period, meteorological elements, M-K mutation test, meteorological yield