Abstract:

In order to discuss the impact of meteorological factors on peanut yield in Liaocheng City and evaluate the relationship between peanut yield and meteorological factors, experiments were conducted on large-seeded peanut varieties ‘Huayu 25’ and small-seeded peanut varieties ‘Huayu 20’ from 2013 to 2023 at Chiping Science and Technology Demonstration Park of Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The main stem height, lateral branch length and branch number were measured at the full fruit maturity stage, and the full fruit number per plant, fruit number per plant and pod yield per unit area were calculated at harvest. Based on meteorological data including precipitation, sunshine duration, and mean temperature during the peanut growth period, we explored the effect of meteorological factors on peanut yield in Liaocheng. The main results indicated that (1) the precipitation, sunshine duration, mean temperature, high temperature days, and super high temperature days in Liaocheng City all showed an increasing trend during the peanut growth period. (2)There was a highly significant positive correlation between the yield of ‘Huayu 25’ and the precipitation before sowing, and a significant negative correlation with the sunshine duration before sowing, the sunshine duration and the mean temperature during the flowering and needling stage. There was no significant relationship between the yield of ‘Huayu 20’ and meteorological factors at different growth stages. (3)The meteorological elements significantly related to the yield of ‘Huayu 25’ were arranged in descending order of correlation: precipitation in early May (0.838)>sunshine in late June (-0.756)>temperature in late June (-0.684)>precipitation in mid September (-0.644)>sunshine in early May (-0.623)>precipitation in early August (0.617). The meteorological elements significantly related to the yield of Huayu 20 were arranged in descending order of correlation: temperature in late July (-0.694)>temperature in mid July (-0.627). In summary, the production of large-seed peanut varieties is more susceptible to environmental impact, and the climate production potential is higher than that of small-seed peanut varieties. Among the meteorological factors affecting the yield of peanuts in Liaocheng, high temperature and precipitation are the main factors, and sunshine hours are the secondary factors.

Key words: meteorological factors, spring peanut, yield, the correlation analysis, western Shandong Area