Effect of Superabsorbent Polymer on Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics, Growth and Fruit Quality of Lycium chinensis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0310

Abstract

Abstract:

This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of superabsorbent polymer on rhizosphere soil environment and growth process of Lycium chinensis, which provided theoretical reference and scientific basis for the application of superabsorbent polymer in L. chinensis planting. 3-year-old L. chinensis was used as experimental object, the mixtures of superabsorbent polymer and compound fertilizer were applied to the root of L. chinensis by the method of ring ditch, and the effects of soil characteristics, plant growth, fruit quality and yield were studied. The results indicated that: (1) compared with the control, the application of 50 g superabsorbent polymer reduced soil bulk density by 31.13%, increased total porosity by 25.82%, increased field water capacity by 1.49 times, increased water stable aggregate content by 66.45%, and reduced agglomerate destruction rate by 67.50%. (2) The determination results of July and September showed that with the increasing of superabsorbent polymer application content, the content of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the rhizosphere soil of L. chinensis increased rapidly and then increased slowly, while the content of organic matter increased first and then decreased, but the change was not significant. (3) The growth and development of L. chinensis were significantly promoted by the application of superabsorbent polymer. The plant height, crown width, stem diameter and chlorophyll content were increased with the increase of superabsorbent polymer. (4) In July, the content of soluble solids, total sugar and Vc of the fruits reached the maximum when L. chinensis plants were treated with the 50 g superabsorbent polymer, and these quality index increased by 8.40%, 42.96% and 76.27% respectively compared with the control. And with 60 g superabsorbent polymer treatments, the hundred grain weight and shape index of the fruits reached the maximum, increased by 47.82% and 30.26% respectively compared with the control. (5) The yield of L. chinensis fruits were significantly increased by the application of superabsorbent polymer. After 50 g superabsorbent polymer treatments, the yield of L. chinensis fruits was increased by 31.70%. With the superabsorbent polymer treatments on L. chinensis, the structure and characteristics of rhizosphere soil were improved, the keeping fertilizer abilities of rhizosphere soil were enhanced, the growth and development of plants were promoted, the qualities of fruit were improved, and the yield of fruit was increased.

Key words: superabsorbent polymer, starch, Lycium chinensis, soil property, growth and development, fruit quality

BAI Jianxia, SUN Dan, LI Junchao, YANG Guangsheng, ZUO Jinjing, ZHAO Yang, ZHANG Qingxia, ZHANG Shaonan, GUO Dongquan. Effect of Superabsorbent Polymer on Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics, Growth and Fruit Quality of Lycium chinensis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(25): 40-48.

Figures/Tables 6

References 63

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保水剂用量/g	容重/(g/cm³)	总孔隙度/%	田间持水量/%
0	1.51±0.04a	43.22±0.34d	13.58±0.83f
30	1.24±0.03b	47.92±1.86c	26.46±0.63e
40	1.17±0.03c	51.06±1.61b	30.42±1.01d
50	1.04±0.02d	54.38±1.32a	33.86±0.68c
60	1.09±0.03d	52.68±1.63ab	36.64±0.74b
70	1.18±0.05c	49.36±1.23bc	38.24±0.57a

保水剂用量/g	容重/(g/cm³)	总孔隙度/%	田间持水量/%
0	1.51±0.04a	43.22±0.34d	13.58±0.83f
30	1.24±0.03b	47.92±1.86c	26.46±0.63e
40	1.17±0.03c	51.06±1.61b	30.42±1.01d
50	1.04±0.02d	54.38±1.32a	33.86±0.68c
60	1.09±0.03d	52.68±1.63ab	36.64±0.74b
70	1.18±0.05c	49.36±1.23bc	38.24±0.57a

保水剂用量/g	土壤团聚体/%					破坏率/%
	大颗粒				微团聚体
	>2 mm	1~2 mm	0.25~1 mm	>0.25 mm	<0.25 mm
0	3.22±0.12e	7.89±0.08d	40.15±0.76d	51.26±0.67d	48.74±1.70a	18.34±0.77a
30	4.86±0.57d	11.98±0.32c	54.28±1.21c	70.12±1.22c	29.88±1.57b	12.68±1.58b
40	6.02±0.32c	14.26±0.64b	59.66±2.51b	79.94±2.17b	20.06±0.68c	8.21±0.69c
50	8.19±0.41a	15.76±0.38a	61.37±2.44b	85.32±0.80a	14.68±1.01d	5.96±1.50d
60	7.06±0.62b	16.28±0.27a	63.84±1.12ab	87.18±1.55a	12.82±1.31de	3.28±0.47e
70	7.14±1.72b	15.96±0.75a	64.86±1.59a	87.96±1.70a	12.04±0.32e	2.86±0.64e

保水剂用量/g	土壤团聚体/%					破坏率/%
	大颗粒				微团聚体
	>2 mm	1~2 mm	0.25~1 mm	>0.25 mm	<0.25 mm
0	3.22±0.12e	7.89±0.08d	40.15±0.76d	51.26±0.67d	48.74±1.70a	18.34±0.77a
30	4.86±0.57d	11.98±0.32c	54.28±1.21c	70.12±1.22c	29.88±1.57b	12.68±1.58b
40	6.02±0.32c	14.26±0.64b	59.66±2.51b	79.94±2.17b	20.06±0.68c	8.21±0.69c
50	8.19±0.41a	15.76±0.38a	61.37±2.44b	85.32±0.80a	14.68±1.01d	5.96±1.50d
60	7.06±0.62b	16.28±0.27a	63.84±1.12ab	87.18±1.55a	12.82±1.31de	3.28±0.47e
70	7.14±1.72b	15.96±0.75a	64.86±1.59a	87.96±1.70a	12.04±0.32e	2.86±0.64e

采样时间	保水剂用量/g	速效氮/(mg/kg)	速效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	有机质/(g/kg)
7月15日	0	84.64±1.55e	48.32±1.04e	216.48±2.14e	17.24±0.39b
	30	146.42±2.56d	77.25±0.81d	271.98±1.54d	18.46±0.95ab
	40	171.76±2.34c	115.70±2.17c	326.42±2.27c	19.21±0.61ab
	50	193.48±2.40b	165.16±0.58b	344.27±2.29b	19.86±1.81a
	60	200.04±1.98a	176.46±1.70a	356.51±2.43a	20.45±0.82a
	70	202.65±3.98a	177.53±1.37a	359.24±2.11a	19.66±1.68a
9月15日	0	52.68±1.21e	32.52±0.88e	130.42±0.80e	16.85±0.53b
	30	114.58±0.92d	55.94±2.75d	176.26±0.89d	18.23±1.14ab
	40	132.27±0.57c	86.46±1.22c	194.22±0.57c	18.63±1.28ab
	50	149.73±1.34b	112.52±1.20b	206.26±1.38b	19.24±0.68a
	60	154.66±2.51a	120.27±0.67a	212.64±0.99a	19.68±0.94a
	70	155.18±0.72a	122.90±1.49a	213.43±0.63a	18.56±1.30ab