Study on Growth, Yield, and Quality Regulation of Late Japonica Rice Based on Transplanting Row Spacing and Sowing Date Optimization

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0032

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aimed to clarify the regulatory effects of transplanting row spacing and sowing date combinations on the growth, yield, and quality of late japonica rice. Using two cultivars of ‘Suxiangjing 100’ (conventional late japonica rice) and ‘Yongyou 1526’ (hybrid late japonica rice) as materials, a three-factor randomized block design was adopted to systematically measure parameters including tiller dynamics, leaf area index, SPAD value, dry matter accumulation, yield, and quality traits. Results showed that the combination of alternate wide-narrow row transplanting and sowing on May 23 performed best. Under this combination, ‘Suxiangjing 100’ and ‘Yongyou 1526’ achieved spike formation rates of 82.96% and 79.80%, SPAD values of 46.02 and 50.08, leaf area indices of 5.68 and 7.64 during the booting stage, dry matter accumulation of 23.34 and 26.37 t/hm², and yields of 11.9 and 13.9 t/hm², respectively, which were all significantly higher than other treatments (P<0.01). In terms of quality, chalkiness degree decreased to 4.1%, amylose content remained moderate, gel consistency reached 90.1 mm, and head rice rate increased to 76.1%, indicating coordinated improvement in overall quality (P<0.05). The study concluded that the optimized combination of wide-narrow row transplanting and appropriate sowing date can synergistically enhance canopy structure and material conversion efficiency, contributing to stable and high-quality production. This approach is suitable for application in the Taihu Lake region and surrounding late japonica rice production areas.

Key words: late japonica rice, transplanting row spacing, sowing date optimization, alternate wide-narrow row planting, photosynthetic characteristics, spike formation rate, dry matter accumulation, rice quality

HE Lihua, SONG Yunsheng, DONG Minghui, JIANG Yi, WU Zhenggui. Study on Growth, Yield, and Quality Regulation of Late Japonica Rice Based on Transplanting Row Spacing and Sowing Date Optimization[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(36): 1-11.

Figures/Tables 6

References 32

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品种	移栽行距	播期	分蘖期/ (×10^4/hm²)	拔节期/ (×10^4/hm²)	孕穗期/ (×10^4/hm²)	抽穗期/ (×10^4/hm²)	成熟期/ (×10^4/hm²)	茎蘖成穗率/%
V₁	T₁	B₁	160.68 f	358.32 g	339.96 g	307.68 d	283.20 d	79.04 bc
		B₂	174.48 d	370.68 cd	347.40 e	313.92 c	296.40 b	79.96 b
		B₃	193.32 b	369.96 d	348.60 e	290.88 f	278.52 e	75.28 e
		B₄	207.12 a	373.68 b	362.16 b	293.28 f	268.80 f	71.93 fg
	T₂	B₁	161.64 ef	366.96 e	349.80 e	319.68 b	295.20 b	80.44 b
		B₂	177.60 d	370.32 d	352.80 d	319.92 b	307.20 a	82.96 a
		B₃	195.96 b	372.84 bc	357.48 c	336.48 a	289.20 c	77.57 d
		B₄	209.04 a	382.20 a	366.60 a	302.88 e	278.40 e	72.84 f
V₂	T₁	B₁	142.32 h	319.44 k	292.56 l	298.92 e	250.44 l	78.40 cd
		B₂	151.92 g	327.60 j	305.54 k	285.48 g	261.01 hi	79.67 bc
		B₃	166.32 e	345.12 i	332.40 h	261.24 i	260.76 i	75.58 e
		B₄	178.68 d	360.84 f	360.48 b	253.32 j	252.84 k	70.07 h
	T₂	B₁	149.16 g	321.48 k	308.04 j	291.72 f	255.24 j	79.40 bc
		B₂	157.56 f	329.64 j	320.40 i	311.52 cd	263.04 gh	79.80 bc
		B₃	178.32 d	351.24 h	343.20 f	282.48 g	263.76 g	75.09 e
		B₄	186.01 c	365.40 e	366.72 a	266.76 h	259.08 i	70.90 gh
方差分析			显著性（P值）
V			*	**	**	**	**	*
T			*	**	**	**	*	*
B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T			NS	*	*	*	NS	NS
V×B			*	**	**	**	*	*
T×B			**	**	**	**	*	**
V×T×B			NS	NS	*	*	NS	NS

品种	移栽行距	播期	分蘖期/ (×10^4/hm²)	拔节期/ (×10^4/hm²)	孕穗期/ (×10^4/hm²)	抽穗期/ (×10^4/hm²)	成熟期/ (×10^4/hm²)	茎蘖成穗率/%
V₁	T₁	B₁	160.68 f	358.32 g	339.96 g	307.68 d	283.20 d	79.04 bc
		B₂	174.48 d	370.68 cd	347.40 e	313.92 c	296.40 b	79.96 b
		B₃	193.32 b	369.96 d	348.60 e	290.88 f	278.52 e	75.28 e
		B₄	207.12 a	373.68 b	362.16 b	293.28 f	268.80 f	71.93 fg
	T₂	B₁	161.64 ef	366.96 e	349.80 e	319.68 b	295.20 b	80.44 b
		B₂	177.60 d	370.32 d	352.80 d	319.92 b	307.20 a	82.96 a
		B₃	195.96 b	372.84 bc	357.48 c	336.48 a	289.20 c	77.57 d
		B₄	209.04 a	382.20 a	366.60 a	302.88 e	278.40 e	72.84 f
V₂	T₁	B₁	142.32 h	319.44 k	292.56 l	298.92 e	250.44 l	78.40 cd
		B₂	151.92 g	327.60 j	305.54 k	285.48 g	261.01 hi	79.67 bc
		B₃	166.32 e	345.12 i	332.40 h	261.24 i	260.76 i	75.58 e
		B₄	178.68 d	360.84 f	360.48 b	253.32 j	252.84 k	70.07 h
	T₂	B₁	149.16 g	321.48 k	308.04 j	291.72 f	255.24 j	79.40 bc
		B₂	157.56 f	329.64 j	320.40 i	311.52 cd	263.04 gh	79.80 bc
		B₃	178.32 d	351.24 h	343.20 f	282.48 g	263.76 g	75.09 e
		B₄	186.01 c	365.40 e	366.72 a	266.76 h	259.08 i	70.90 gh
方差分析			显著性（P值）
V			*	**	**	**	**	*
T			*	**	**	**	*	*
B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T			NS	*	*	*	NS	NS
V×B			*	**	**	**	*	*
T×B			**	**	**	**	*	**
V×T×B			NS	NS	*	*	NS	NS

品种	移栽行距	播期	分蘖期/(t/hm²)	拔节期/(t/hm²)	孕穗期/(t/hm²)	抽穗期/(t/hm²)	成熟期/(t/hm²)	收获指数/%
V₁	T₁	B₁	1.38 abc	4.71 h	6.55 de	12.18 ef	20.48 efg	0.43 fghi
		B₂	1.41 abc	4.89 gh	6.76 cde	12.41 ef	21.20 ef	0.52 cde
		B₃	1.43 abc	5.22 efg	6.33 de	12.10 ef	19.87 fg	0.41 ghi
		B₄	1.49 abc	5.44 def	6.22 e	11.96 f	19.25 g	0.38 i
	T₂	B₁	1.49 abc	5.13 fg	6.73 cde	13.04 de	21.94 de	0.48 def
		B₂	1.55 abc	5.19 fg	7.27 bc	13.62 d	23.34 cd	0.51 cde
		B₃	1.56 ab	5.40 def	6.86 cd	12.59 ef	20.67 efg	0.47 ef
		B₄	1.62 a	5.69 bcd	6.50 de	12.38 ef	20.17 fg	0.39 hi
V₂	T₁	B₁	1.31 c	5.47 cdef	7.56 ab	15.61 abc	23.27 cd	0.56 abc
		B₂	1.32 bc	5.40 def	7.70 ab	15.98 ab	24.49 bc	0.58 ab
		B₃	1.42 abc	5.87 b	7.73 ab	15.17 bc	23.05 cd	0.52 cde
		B₄	1.61 a	6.51 a	7.93 a	14.83 c	23.39 cd	0.44 fgh
	T₂	B₁	1.31 c	5.84 bc	7.72 ab	15.93 ab	26.02 ab	0.59 a
		B₂	1.48 abc	5.60 bcde	7.93 a	16.33 a	26.37 a	0.59 a
		B₃	1.57 a	6.58 a	7.89 a	15.67 abc	25.46 ab	0.53 bcd
		B₄	1.62 a	6.69 a	8.01 a	15.43 abc	24.51 bc	0.45 fg
方差分析			显著性（P值）
V			**	**	**	**	**	**
T			**	**	**	**	**	**
B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T			*	*	NS	NS	*	*
V×B			**	**	**	**	**	**
T×B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T×B			NS	*	*	NS	NS	NS

品种	移栽行距	播期	分蘖期/(t/hm²)	拔节期/(t/hm²)	孕穗期/(t/hm²)	抽穗期/(t/hm²)	成熟期/(t/hm²)	收获指数/%
V₁	T₁	B₁	1.38 abc	4.71 h	6.55 de	12.18 ef	20.48 efg	0.43 fghi
		B₂	1.41 abc	4.89 gh	6.76 cde	12.41 ef	21.20 ef	0.52 cde
		B₃	1.43 abc	5.22 efg	6.33 de	12.10 ef	19.87 fg	0.41 ghi
		B₄	1.49 abc	5.44 def	6.22 e	11.96 f	19.25 g	0.38 i
	T₂	B₁	1.49 abc	5.13 fg	6.73 cde	13.04 de	21.94 de	0.48 def
		B₂	1.55 abc	5.19 fg	7.27 bc	13.62 d	23.34 cd	0.51 cde
		B₃	1.56 ab	5.40 def	6.86 cd	12.59 ef	20.67 efg	0.47 ef
		B₄	1.62 a	5.69 bcd	6.50 de	12.38 ef	20.17 fg	0.39 hi
V₂	T₁	B₁	1.31 c	5.47 cdef	7.56 ab	15.61 abc	23.27 cd	0.56 abc
		B₂	1.32 bc	5.40 def	7.70 ab	15.98 ab	24.49 bc	0.58 ab
		B₃	1.42 abc	5.87 b	7.73 ab	15.17 bc	23.05 cd	0.52 cde
		B₄	1.61 a	6.51 a	7.93 a	14.83 c	23.39 cd	0.44 fgh
	T₂	B₁	1.31 c	5.84 bc	7.72 ab	15.93 ab	26.02 ab	0.59 a
		B₂	1.48 abc	5.60 bcde	7.93 a	16.33 a	26.37 a	0.59 a
		B₃	1.57 a	6.58 a	7.89 a	15.67 abc	25.46 ab	0.53 bcd
		B₄	1.62 a	6.69 a	8.01 a	15.43 abc	24.51 bc	0.45 fg
方差分析			显著性（P值）
V			**	**	**	**	**	**
T			**	**	**	**	**	**
B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T			*	*	NS	NS	*	*
V×B			**	**	**	**	**	**
T×B			**	**	**	**	**	**
V×T×B			NS	*	*	NS	NS	NS

品种	移栽行距	播期	单位面积穗数/ (×10^4/hm²)			平均每穗粒数/粒		结实率/%	千粒重/g		产量/ (t/hm²)
V₁	T₁	B₁	295.2 de			137.2 e		87.5 ab	24.9 cd		8.8 efg
		B₂	301.2 cd			152.4 d		86.3 ab	25.8 b		9.9 de
		B₃	278.4 f			137.9 e		87.0 ab	24.7 cde		8.2 fgh
		B₄	280.8 f			122.8 f		87.5 ab	24.1 def		7.3 h
	T₂	B₁	307.2 c			155.0 d		87.9 ab	25.2 bc		10.6 d
		B₂	332.4 a			157.2 d		86.1 bc	26.6 a		11.9 c
		B₃	324.0 b			139.2 e		87.5 ab	24.7 cde		9.8 de
		B₄	290.4 e			125.4 f		88.7 a	24.3 de		7.8 gh
V₂	T₁	B₁	240.0 h			257.9 b		82.2 de	23.4 f		11.9 c
		B₂	247.2 g			261.5 ab		82.8 de	24.0 ef		12.8 bc
		B₃	228.0 i			257.4 b		81.4 e	22.4 g		10.7 d
		B₄	214.8 j			237.5 c		81.3 e	22.3 g		9.2 ef
	T₂	B₁	249.6 g			267.4 a		82.6 de	23.9 ef		13.1 ab
		B₂	249.1 g			269.1 a		83.9 cd	24.7 cde		13.9 a
		B₃	240.0 h			265.2 ab		82.1 de	23.4 f		12.2 bc
		B₄	234.0 hi			244.4 c		81.7 de	22.6 g		10.6 d
方差分析				显著性（P值）
V				**	**		**			**		**
T				**	**		**			**		**
B				**	**		**			**		**
V×T				*	*		NS			NS		*
V×B				**	**		*			**		**
T×B				**	**		*			**		**
V×T×B				NS	NS		NS			NS		NS