Application Effect of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Xinyi Honey Peach

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0259

Abstract

Abstract:

Field experiments were carried out on two representative soils to study the application effect of organic fertilizer combined with different chemical fertilizers’ reduction in the main production area of honey peach in Xinyi. The following treatments were set: no fertilization (NF), conventional fertilization (CK), and organic fertilizer treatments. OF-N, OF-P, OF-K, OF-NP, OF-PK, OF-NK and OF-NPK represented the reduction of chemical fertilizer N, P, K, NP, PK, NK and NPK on the basis of organic fertilizer application, respectively. OF-N had little effect on the commercial fruit yield. OF-P and OF-K increased the yield by 5.1%-6.8% and 6.1%-9.6%, respectively, while OF-NP and OF-NPK decreased the yield by 0.8%-7.6% and 3.9%-15.0%, respectively. All organic fertilizer treatments increased soil pH and organic matter content to varying degrees. Reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly decreased the soil available nitrogen to a lower value, reducing the application of potassium fertilizer effectively decreased the excess available potassium, and reducing the application of phosphorus fertilizer also decreased available phosphorus. In addition, all organic fertilizer treatments increased the content of soluble sugar and vitamin C to varying degrees, and reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer decreased the nitrate content of fruit. OF-P and OF-K increased net benefit, output/input ratio, and fertilizer agronomic efficiency, while OF-N, OF-NP and OF-NPK decreased net benefit and output/input ratio. Therefore, organic fertilizer substituting chemical fertilizers in Xinyi honey peach cultivation is conducive to alleviating soil acidification, increasing soil organic carbon pool, improving fruit quality, and increasing commercial fruit yield. It is appropriate for mainly reducing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and moderately reducing the application of nitrogen fertilizer.

Key words: Xinyi, honey peach, organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer reduction, soil properties

GAO Bohang, XIA Tongyong, WANG Guangfei, MA Yan, XU Yehong. Application Effect of Organic Fertilizer Combined with Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Xinyi Honey Peach[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(7): 33-39.

Figures/Tables 5

References 22

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处理	秋季底肥				花前期追肥			硬核期追肥			膨大期追肥
处理	有机肥	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾
NF	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
CK	农家肥15 t/hm²	97.5	360.0	87.0	694.5	900.0	216.0	391.5	1440.0	346.5	391.5	600.0	577.5
OF-N	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	360.0	87.0	430.5	900.0	216.0	243.0	1440.0	346.5	243.0	600.0	577.5
OF-P	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	90.0	87.0	694.5	225.0	216.0	391.5	360.0	346.5	391.5	150.0	577.5
OF-K	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	360.0	64.5	694.5	900.0	162.0	391.5	1440.0	258.0	391.5	600.0	430.5
OF-NP	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	90.0	87.0	430.5	225.0	216.0	243.0	360.0	346.5	243.0	150.0	577.5
OF-PK	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	90.0	64.5	694.5	225.0	160.5	391.5	360.0	258.0	391.5	150.0	430.5
OF-NK	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	360.0	64.5	430.5	900.0	160.5	243.0	1440.0	258.0	243.0	600.0	430.5
OF-NPK	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	90.0	64.5	430.5	225.0	160.5	243.0	360.0	258.0	243.0	150.0	430.5

处理	秋季底肥				花前期追肥			硬核期追肥			膨大期追肥
处理	有机肥	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾	尿素	过磷酸钙	硫酸钾
NF	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
CK	农家肥15 t/hm²	97.5	360.0	87.0	694.5	900.0	216.0	391.5	1440.0	346.5	391.5	600.0	577.5
OF-N	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	360.0	87.0	430.5	900.0	216.0	243.0	1440.0	346.5	243.0	600.0	577.5
OF-P	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	90.0	87.0	694.5	225.0	216.0	391.5	360.0	346.5	391.5	150.0	577.5
OF-K	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	360.0	64.5	694.5	900.0	162.0	391.5	1440.0	258.0	391.5	600.0	430.5
OF-NP	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	90.0	87.0	430.5	225.0	216.0	243.0	360.0	346.5	243.0	150.0	577.5
OF-PK	有机肥45 t/hm²	97.5	90.0	64.5	694.5	225.0	160.5	391.5	360.0	258.0	391.5	150.0	430.5
OF-NK	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	360.0	64.5	430.5	900.0	160.5	243.0	1440.0	258.0	243.0	600.0	430.5
OF-NPK	有机肥45 t/hm²	60.0	90.0	64.5	430.5	225.0	160.5	243.0	360.0	258.0	243.0	150.0	430.5

处理	化肥养分								有机肥养分			有机无机总养分/ (kg/hm²)
处理	N/ (kg/hm²)	P₂O₅/ (kg/hm²)	K₂O/ (kg/hm²)	总养分/ (kg/hm²)	N 减量/%	P₂O₅ 减量/%	K₂O 减量/%	总养分减量/%	N/ (kg/hm²)	P₂O₅/ (kg/hm²)	K₂O/ (kg/hm²)	有机无机总养分/ (kg/hm²)
NF	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0
CK	725	413	638	1775	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63	42	105	1985
OF-N	449	413	638	1499	38.0	0.0	0.0	15.5	276	309	162	2246
OF-P	725	104	638	1466	0.0	75.0	0.0	17.4	276	309	162	2211
OF-K	725	413	476	1613	0.0	0.0	25.4	9.1	276	309	162	2360
OF-NP	449	104	638	1190	38.0	75.0	0.0	32.9	276	309	162	1937
OF-PK	725	104	476	1302	0.0	75.0	25.5	26.6	276	309	162	2049
OF-NK	449	413	476	1337	38.0	0.0	25.5	24.7	276	309	162	2084
OF-NPK	449	104	476	1028	38.0	75.0	25.5	42.1	276	309	162	1775

处理	化肥养分								有机肥养分			有机无机总养分/ (kg/hm²)
处理	N/ (kg/hm²)	P₂O₅/ (kg/hm²)	K₂O/ (kg/hm²)	总养分/ (kg/hm²)	N 减量/%	P₂O₅ 减量/%	K₂O 减量/%	总养分减量/%	N/ (kg/hm²)	P₂O₅/ (kg/hm²)	K₂O/ (kg/hm²)	有机无机总养分/ (kg/hm²)
NF	0	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0	0	0	0
CK	725	413	638	1775	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	63	42	105	1985
OF-N	449	413	638	1499	38.0	0.0	0.0	15.5	276	309	162	2246
OF-P	725	104	638	1466	0.0	75.0	0.0	17.4	276	309	162	2211
OF-K	725	413	476	1613	0.0	0.0	25.4	9.1	276	309	162	2360
OF-NP	449	104	638	1190	38.0	75.0	0.0	32.9	276	309	162	1937
OF-PK	725	104	476	1302	0.0	75.0	25.5	26.6	276	309	162	2049
OF-NK	449	413	476	1337	38.0	0.0	25.5	24.7	276	309	162	2084
OF-NPK	449	104	476	1028	38.0	75.0	25.5	42.1	276	309	162	1775

处理	青沙板土				白浆土
处理	可溶性糖/ %	维生素C/ (mg/kg)	硝酸盐/ (mg/kg)	可溶性酸/ (g/kg)	可溶性糖/ %	维生素C/ (mg/kg)	硝酸盐/ (mg/kg)	可溶性酸/ (g/kg)
NF	5.88b	38.5b	216.5a	2.80ab	6.00a	44.5a	218.3a	2.41a
CK	6.28b	36.8b	231.0a	2.89ab	5.99a	44.7a	243.3a	2.32a
OF-N	7.69a	39.7ab	201.7a	2.79ab	6.36a	46.2a	216.5a	2.30a
OF-P	7.15ab	40.9ab	246.6a	2.23b	7.14a	46.6a	236.6a	2.31a
OF-K	7.29ab	45.0ab	218.4a	2.69ab	6.20a	58.6a	244.2a	2.50a
OF-NP	7.27ab	45.4ab	209.8a	2.66ab	6.37a	59.7a	215.7a	2.46a
OF-PK	7.51ab	49.4a	223.4a	2.37b	6.23a	55.5a	224.3a	2.37a
OF-NK	7.00ab	43.6ab	243.0a	3.30a	6.35a	45.0a	251.3a	2.36a
OF-NPK	6.85ab	52.8a	218.1a	3.33a	7.18a	44.3a	224.6a	2.36a