Abstract:

The study aims to explore the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer nitrogen in traditional Chinese medicine residue replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen on rice growth and development, yield and nitrogen utilization, and to provide new approaches for improving the quality and efficiency of rice production and realizing the resource utilization of organic waste. Under the same total nitrogen application amount, taking the organic fertilizer made by traditional Chinese medicine residues as the test material, six treatments were set: no fertilization (CK), organic fertilizer nitrogen replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen by 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer nitrogen replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied. The results showed that under the same amount of nitrogen application, replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen with a reasonable proportion of organic fertilizer nitrogen was beneficial to improving the seed setting rate, followed by increasing the number of effective panicles. The substitution of organic fertilizer for chemical fertilizer by 25% achieved the highest yield increase, and the yield was 9.06% higher than that of single application of chemical fertilizer. Under this experimental condition, the proportion of partial substitution of organic fertilizer nitrogen for chemical fertilizer nitrogen was 35.3%, and the yield could reach 9057 kg/hm². The proportion of organic fertilizer nitrogen substitution could significantly improve the growth and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. In agricultural production, 25%-35% of organic fertilizer is an ideal fertilization proportion under the condition of equal nitrogen substitution.

Key words: proportions of organic and inorganic fertilizers, nitrogen use efficiency, rice, yield