Soil Nematode Communities in Apple Orchards in Shaanxi Province: Distribution Characteristics Analysis Based on High-throughput Sequencing

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0486

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim is to elucidate the distribution characteristics of soil nematodes in apple orchards in Shaanxi Province. This study analyzed the composition of soil nematode communities by high-throughput sequencing, using total soil DNA from 179 orchards in three industrial belts. The results show that there are two classes, 12 orders, and 93 genera of soil nematodes in the apple orchards in Shaanxi Province, of which Hexamermis is the dominant genus, accounting for 92.20%, 89.73%, and 88.63% in the mountainous region in northern Shaanxi, northern Weibei and southern Weibei industrial belt, respectively. The ACE and Shannon indexes of nematodes are significantly affected by different industrial belts (latitudes) and altitudes (P<0.05). The cluster analysis shows that the distribution of nematodes in the northern Weibei industrial belt is more similar to that in the southern Weibei industrial belt at the genus level. Soil moisture content, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and pH are significantly correlated with soil nematode diversity indexes and dominant genera, such as Hexamermis and Paratylenchus (P<0.05). This study reveals that soil nematodes are abundant in the apple orchards in Shaanxi Province, but the dominant genera are fewer. In addition to latitude and altitude, improving soil properties can play a crucial role in optimizing the nematode community structure, and subsequently the soil environment in the apple orchards.

Key words: soil nematode, distribution characteristic, high-throughput sequencing, apple orchard, Loess Plateau

TIAN Jia, LI Fei, SUN Chao, SHANGGUAN Yiqing, QI Fan. Soil Nematode Communities in Apple Orchards in Shaanxi Province: Distribution Characteristics Analysis Based on High-throughput Sequencing[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(15): 118-126.

Figures/Tables 8

References 36

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产业带	含水率/%	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)	pH
陕北山地产业带	12.62±1.79a	13.19±9.70a	0.64±0.24a	0.74±0.14a	21.23±3.46a	8.05±0.39a
渭北北部产业带	11.44±1.82b	8.54±3.34b	0.69±0.24a	1.09±0.46b	20.59±2.58a	8.31±0.31b
渭北南部产业带	12.43±1.41a	9.40±2.65bc	0.79±0.15b	1.11±0.28bc	20.06±3.74a	8.24±0.24bc

产业带	含水率/%	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	全磷/(g/kg)	全钾/(g/kg)	pH
陕北山地产业带	12.62±1.79a	13.19±9.70a	0.64±0.24a	0.74±0.14a	21.23±3.46a	8.05±0.39a
渭北北部产业带	11.44±1.82b	8.54±3.34b	0.69±0.24a	1.09±0.46b	20.59±2.58a	8.31±0.31b
渭北南部产业带	12.43±1.41a	9.40±2.65bc	0.79±0.15b	1.11±0.28bc	20.06±3.74a	8.24±0.24bc

类别		序列数	OTU数
产业带	陕北山地产业带	36638±6569a	1526
	渭北北部产业带	33533±4618b	1935
	渭北南部产业带	33419±6552bc	1880
海拔	400~800 m	32894±5990a	1886
	801~1200 m	34480±5671ab	2025
	>1200 m	36133±5865bc	1541
树龄	<5 y	34588±4328a	1662
	5~10 y	33198±5181a	1841
	10~20 y	35099±7259a	1949
	>20 y	33856±5185a	1867

类别		序列数	OTU数
产业带	陕北山地产业带	36638±6569a	1526
	渭北北部产业带	33533±4618b	1935
	渭北南部产业带	33419±6552bc	1880
海拔	400~800 m	32894±5990a	1886
	801~1200 m	34480±5671ab	2025
	>1200 m	36133±5865bc	1541
树龄	<5 y	34588±4328a	1662
	5~10 y	33198±5181a	1841
	10~20 y	35099±7259a	1949
	>20 y	33856±5185a	1867

		土壤含水率	有机质	全氮	全磷	全钾	pH
多样性指数	ACE	-0.004	0.107	0.211^**	0.295^**	0.068	0.101
多样性指数	Shannon	-0.061	0.190^*	0.233^**	0.191^*	0.094	0.019
优势属	Hexamermis	0.082	-0.148^*	-0.195^**	-0.166^*	-0.050	-0.026
	Aporcelaimellus	-0.127	-0.027	0.071	0.115	0.027	0.038
	Paratylenchus	-0.172^*	-0.144	-0.191^*	-0.123	-0.011	0.158^*