Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Belt Deployment Methods on Nutrient Distribution and Utilization Characteristics of Apple-Soybean Alley Cropping System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0355

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different drip irrigation belt deployment methods on soil and plant nutrient distribution and utilization characteristics in an alley cropping system, a split-zone experiment was carried out to analyze the spatial distribution of soil nutrients, soybean yield, plant nutrient uptake and use efficiency in a typical apple-soybean intercropping system under different drip irrigation belt deployment. Three types of drip belt spacing (L1: drip belt at the root of each soybean row; L2: one drip belt every other soybean row; L3: two drip belts every three soybean rows) and two types of mulching (M1: white film and M0: without film) were applied. The results showed that mulching type and drip irrigation belt layout had significant effects on the distribution of soil nutrients (P<0.05). In the horizontal direction, the variation trend of soil nutrient content in different distances from tree rows showed “V” and “N” shape patterns. By means of the drip belt layout, soil water and fertilizer could be redistributed, hence to promote the niche separation and alleviate competition between the two species as well, which could further improve the nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency to increase the yield ultimately. The highest plant nutrient content and uptake and utilization efficiency were both achieved in the treatment of white film mulching with one drip irrigation belt every other soybean row layout, under which the highest yield was 1747.6 kg/hm². The model could provide reference for alleviating the interspecific water-fertilizer competition in apple-soybean intercropping system.

Key words: alley cropping system, drip irrigation belt deployment, interspecific competition, soil nutrients, Loess Plateau of west Shanxi Province

WAN Qian, WANG Ruoshui, XIAO Wan, LUO Chengwei, DOU Xiaoyu, WANG Lisha, XIONG Chang, WANG Xin, DAI Houshuai. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Belt Deployment Methods on Nutrient Distribution and Utilization Characteristics of Apple-Soybean Alley Cropping System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(11): 64-73.

Figures/Tables 10

References 30

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处理编号	灌水定额/(m³/hm²)
处理编号	分枝期(5.27—6.16, 20 d)	开花结荚期(6.17—7.21, 35 d)	鼓粒期(7.22—8.20, 30 d)
M1L1	711	822	86.2
M1L2	711	777	92
M1L3	711	555	110
CK1	0	0	0
M0L1	711	893	94.2
M0L2	711	800	80.6
M0L3	711	933	99.1
CK0	0	0	0

处理编号	灌水定额/(m³/hm²)
处理编号	分枝期(5.27—6.16, 20 d)	开花结荚期(6.17—7.21, 35 d)	鼓粒期(7.22—8.20, 30 d)
M1L1	711	822	86.2
M1L2	711	777	92
M1L3	711	555	110
CK1	0	0	0
M0L1	711	893	94.2
M0L2	711	800	80.6
M0L3	711	933	99.1
CK0	0	0	0

处理	铵态氮			硝态氮			速效钾			速效磷
处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
M1L1	0.92^*	0.76ns	0.50ns	-0.56ns	3.99ns	11.38^*	6.36^*	5.57ns	4.68^*	2.33ns	2.60ns	0.60^*
M1L2	0.96^*	0.80ns	-0.22 ns	9.15^*	5.89^**	5.79^**	9.22^**	6.33^**	4.88^*	3.22^**	1.51^*	2.03^*
M1L3	1.04^*	1.10^*	0.34ns	6.94^*	4.94^*	4.30^*	4.14^*	4.10^*	3.90ns	1.24ns	1.10^*	0.68ns
CK1	1.01^**	0.93^**	0.46^*	7.81^**	4.50^**	3.76^*	4.50^*	3.90^**	3.10^*	0.80^**	0.48^**	0.41^*
M0L1	0.97^*	0.88^*	0.24ns	2.90ns	4.37ns	5.29ns	9.9ns	4.82ns	5.10ns	2.56^*	1.72ns	1.31^*
M0L2	0.97^**	0.64^**	0.39ns	4.82^*	8.52^*	2.77^*	6.16^**	3.70^**	3.30^**	1.79^**	1.21^**	1.13^*
M0L3	0.86ns	0.63ns	0.48ns	3.40ns	2.99ns	2.97^*	4.60^*	3.80^*	2.80ns	1.26^*	0.46ns	0.47^*
CK0	0.86^**	0.66^*	0.26^*	5.68^**	4.01^**	2.78^*	3.84^**	4.50^**	5.70^**	0.55^**	0.33^**	0.29^*

处理	铵态氮			硝态氮			速效钾			速效磷
处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
M1L1	0.92^*	0.76ns	0.50ns	-0.56ns	3.99ns	11.38^*	6.36^*	5.57ns	4.68^*	2.33ns	2.60ns	0.60^*
M1L2	0.96^*	0.80ns	-0.22 ns	9.15^*	5.89^**	5.79^**	9.22^**	6.33^**	4.88^*	3.22^**	1.51^*	2.03^*
M1L3	1.04^*	1.10^*	0.34ns	6.94^*	4.94^*	4.30^*	4.14^*	4.10^*	3.90ns	1.24ns	1.10^*	0.68ns
CK1	1.01^**	0.93^**	0.46^*	7.81^**	4.50^**	3.76^*	4.50^*	3.90^**	3.10^*	0.80^**	0.48^**	0.41^*
M0L1	0.97^*	0.88^*	0.24ns	2.90ns	4.37ns	5.29ns	9.9ns	4.82ns	5.10ns	2.56^*	1.72ns	1.31^*
M0L2	0.97^**	0.64^**	0.39ns	4.82^*	8.52^*	2.77^*	6.16^**	3.70^**	3.30^**	1.79^**	1.21^**	1.13^*
M0L3	0.86ns	0.63ns	0.48ns	3.40ns	2.99ns	2.97^*	4.60^*	3.80^*	2.80ns	1.26^*	0.46ns	0.47^*
CK0	0.86^**	0.66^*	0.26^*	5.68^**	4.01^**	2.78^*	3.84^**	4.50^**	5.70^**	0.55^**	0.33^**	0.29^*

处理	有机质			全氮			全磷
处理	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm	0~20 cm	20~40 cm	40~60 cm
M1L1	1.13^*	0.48ns	0.23ns	0.18^*	-0.01ns	-0.01ns	0.13ns	0.07ns	0.02^*
M1L2	1.43^**	0.27^**	0.37ns	0.11^*	0.08^**	0.06^*	0.29ns	0.06^*	0.07^*
M1L3	0.83ns	0.45^*	0.19^*	0.06ns	0.05ns	0.09ns	0.09ns	0.02ns	0.04ns
CK1	0.60^*	0.40^*	0.33^**	0.03ns	0.01^*	0.04^**	0.17^**	0.02^**	0.06^**
M0L1	1.89ns	0.51^*	0.41^*	0.07^*	0.03ns	0.03^*	0.24ns	0.04ns	0.03ns
M0L2	1.25^*	0.37^**	0.41^**	0.05ns	0.02^**	0.03^**	0.06^**	0.03^**	0.03ns
M0L3	0.89ns	0.46ns	0.17ns	0.04ns	0.02ns	0.03ns	0.05^*	0.02^**	0.04^*
CK0	0.49^**	0.30^*	0.27^*	0.03^**	0.02^*	0.05^*	0.07^**	0.03ns	0.06^*