Effects of Simulated Mechanical Pruning on Shoot Growth and Fruit Setting of Litchi cv. Feizixiao

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0757

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the optimal pruning intensity and mechanized pruning mode of ‘Feizixiao’ litchi, ‘Feizixiao’ litchi was used as the material, the effects of pruning intensities and four simulated mechanized pruning methods on the growth of shoots and fruit settings were compared. The four mechanized pruning methods were hedging southern side of canopy (HSP), hedging northern side of canopy (HNP), hedging eastern side of canopy (HEP) and topping the canopy (TP). The results showed that the photosynthetic effective radiation in the canopy and chlorophyll content of mature leaves on the shoots differed significantly among pruning intensities, and the effect of middle TP pruning with branch diameter of 2.0-2.5 cm was the best. The middle TP treatment significantly increased the length and diameter of last shoots compared with the middle hedging pruning. But the middle HEP had the highest starch content of last shoots and their leaves, which improved the yield. In conclusion, middle TP and HEP pruning after fruit picking can significantly improve the shoot quality and yield of ‘Feizixiao’ litchi; they are appropriate mechanized pruning intensity and pruning method for ‘Feizixiao’ litchi.

Key words: ‘Feizixiao’ litchi, simulated mechanical pruning, photosynthesis, shoot growth, yield

WANG Jing, GUO Dongliang, LV Xinmin, HUANG Xinxin, HAN Dongmei, LI Jianguang. Effects of Simulated Mechanical Pruning on Shoot Growth and Fruit Setting of Litchi cv. Feizixiao[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(24): 59-68.

Figures/Tables 10

References 34

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修剪时间	修剪处理		冠幅（修剪前）/m	冠幅（修剪后）/m	修剪枝条粗度/cm	修剪深度/m
采果后	对照		5.2×4.2×3.8	3.2×3.6×2.0	>3.5	>2.0
	平头型修剪	轻度修剪	5.2×4.2×3.8	5.2×4.2×3.0	1.0~1.5	0.5~0.8
		中度修剪		5.2×4.2×2.5	2.0~2.5	1.0~1.3
		重度修剪		5.2×4.2×2.0	3.0~3.5	1.5~1.8
	篱壁型修剪	南侧篱壁型		3.7×4.2×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.2~1.5
		北侧篱壁型		3.7×4.2×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.2~1.5
		东侧篱壁型		5.2×3.0×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.0~1.2

修剪时间	修剪处理		冠幅（修剪前）/m	冠幅（修剪后）/m	修剪枝条粗度/cm	修剪深度/m
采果后	对照		5.2×4.2×3.8	3.2×3.6×2.0	>3.5	>2.0
	平头型修剪	轻度修剪	5.2×4.2×3.8	5.2×4.2×3.0	1.0~1.5	0.5~0.8
		中度修剪		5.2×4.2×2.5	2.0~2.5	1.0~1.3
		重度修剪		5.2×4.2×2.0	3.0~3.5	1.5~1.8
	篱壁型修剪	南侧篱壁型		3.7×4.2×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.2~1.5
		北侧篱壁型		3.7×4.2×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.2~1.5
		东侧篱壁型		5.2×3.0×3.8	2.0~2.5	1.0~1.2

测量时间	处理	LEF	gH⁺	PhiNPQ	SPAD	叶片厚度/mm	PAR/[μmol/(m²·s)]
8月20日	对照	19.2±4.7b	109.57±27.69a	0.58±0.12bc	43.2±10.3b	0.52±0.35a	257±97c
	轻度平头型	25.4±2.8ab	118.50±30.84a	0.52±0.15c	46.7±5.3b	0.64±0.37a	260±73c
	中度平头型	31.4±7.9a	131.24±30.04b	0.69±0.15b	52.4±5.1a	0.69±0.54a	500±219b
	重度平头型	28.6±2.0a	110.72±24.23a	0.72±0.21a	48.5±9.0b	0.56±0.29a	709±498a
11月20日	对照	16.67±5.84ab	66.91±12.48b	0.65±0.17a	38.80±14.74bc	0.36±0.25b	237±80a
	轻度平头型	14.24±4.03b	96.17±38.91ab	0.42±0.18d	47.66±8.13ab	0.60±0.31a	170±61a
	中度平头型	19.25±8.02b	102.13±36.80a	0.39±0.21d	52.93±13.35a	0.65±0.27a	213±99a
	重度平头型	12.47±6.51b	91.14±41.61a	0.52±0.25c	36.73±15.59c	0.48±0.25ab	200±58a

测量时间	处理	LEF	gH⁺	PhiNPQ	SPAD	叶片厚度/mm	PAR/[μmol/(m²·s)]
8月20日	对照	19.2±4.7b	109.57±27.69a	0.58±0.12bc	43.2±10.3b	0.52±0.35a	257±97c
	轻度平头型	25.4±2.8ab	118.50±30.84a	0.52±0.15c	46.7±5.3b	0.64±0.37a	260±73c
	中度平头型	31.4±7.9a	131.24±30.04b	0.69±0.15b	52.4±5.1a	0.69±0.54a	500±219b
	重度平头型	28.6±2.0a	110.72±24.23a	0.72±0.21a	48.5±9.0b	0.56±0.29a	709±498a
11月20日	对照	16.67±5.84ab	66.91±12.48b	0.65±0.17a	38.80±14.74bc	0.36±0.25b	237±80a
	轻度平头型	14.24±4.03b	96.17±38.91ab	0.42±0.18d	47.66±8.13ab	0.60±0.31a	170±61a
	中度平头型	19.25±8.02b	102.13±36.80a	0.39±0.21d	52.93±13.35a	0.65±0.27a	213±99a
	重度平头型	12.47±6.51b	91.14±41.61a	0.52±0.25c	36.73±15.59c	0.48±0.25ab	200±58a

修剪方式	处理	8月枝稍长度/cm	11月枝稍长度/cm	总梢基部粗度/mm	末次梢长度/cm	末次梢粗度/mm
传统人工修剪	对照	19.0±4.0b	53.19±3.92a	6.95±0.67c	22.0±2.0a	5.0±1.0bc
平头型	轻度修剪	20.3±4.4b	45.0±2.63ab	8.18±0.30a	15.23±1.70c	4.14±0.41c
	中度修剪	25.3±3.2a	52.13±2.03a	7.33±0.15ab	22.1±1.31a	6.23±1.04a
	重度修剪	19.6±4.0b	51.8±4.66a	7.01±0.67b	22.5±2.88a	5.04±0.92b
篱壁型	北侧篱壁型	19.7±3.6b	47.21±3.06ab	6.14±0.27d	19.01±0.88b	4.13±0.35bc
	南侧篱壁型	18.3±2.6c	42.42±2.47b	6.00±0.30d	19.76±1.57b	4.41±0.21bc
	东侧篱壁型	22.0±3.6a	52.31±4.22a	6.26±0.30cd	20.27±1.97b	4.56±0.22bc