Effects of Modified Phosphorus Tail Powder on Maize Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Red Soil Habitat

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0471

Abstract

Abstract:

The aims are to study the effects of modified phosphorus tail powder on the growth of maize and soil physicochemical properties in red soil habitat through corn field experiment, and to provide theoretical basis for the rational utilization of phosphorus tailings and the prevention and fertilization technology of acid red soil farmland. The experimental corn field was located in Jiuxian Town, Malong County, Qujing City. The following treatments were set up: (1) local customary fertilization (CK); (2) local customary fertilization + modified phosphorus tail powder 3000 kg/hm² (T₁); (3) local customary fertilization + modified phosphorus tail powder 6000 kg/hm² (T₂); (4) local customary fertilization + modified phosphorus tail powder 9000 kg/hm² (T₃); (5) local customary fertilization + modified phosphorus tail powder 12000 kg/hm² (T₄); (6) local customary fertilization + modified phosphorus tail powder 15000 kg/hm² (T₅), each treatment was repeated 3 times, and the maize yield and soil physicochemical properties such as pH, organic matter, exchangeable calcium were measured. The results showed that the application of modified phosphorus tail powder significantly increased soil pH value, which was 23.20% higher than that of CK at the highest level, and significantly reduced the total amount of exchangeable acid, exchangeable Al³⁺ content and available manganese content, which were 79%, 70% and 29.18% lower than that of CK at the highest level, respectively. The application of modified phosphorus tail powder increased soil exchangeable calcium, which was 38.19% higher than that of CK at the highest level. The application of modified phosphorus tail powder increased the 100-grain weight by 4.03% compared with CK at the highest level, and had no significant effect on maize yield. The application of modified phosphorus tail powder can reduce soil acidification by reducing soil exchangeable acid, increasing cation exchange capacity and soil exchangeable calcium. The effects of different application rates of modified phosphorus tail powder on soil and maize differed. Among which the application of 6000 kg/hm² modified phosphorus tail powder (T₃ treatment) was the optimal fertilization scheme, which could improve soil physicochemical properties, reduce soil acidification degree and increase soil aggregate stability to the greatest extent without affecting maize yield.

Key words: modified phosphorus tail powder, phosphorus, acid soil, soil aggregate structure, yield

GUO Yongjie, WANG Menglai, XIAO Yanan, CHEN Ciyun, WU Jianlin, GENG Chuanxiong, FU Yanyan, SHI Wenqing, YANG Ke, WANG Ziquan, YANG Jinghua. Effects of Modified Phosphorus Tail Powder on Maize Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Red Soil Habitat[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(14): 64-69.

Figures/Tables 5

References 25

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处理	土壤机械稳定性团聚体质量分数
处理	>5 mm	5~3 mm	3~2 mm	2~1 mm	1~0.5 mm	0.5~0.25 mm
CK	3.02±0.28c	5.06±0.41c	5.34±0.46c	13.5±0.49d	32.22±1.17c	40.86±2.22a
T₁	9.76±1.21a	4.33±0.54d	6.96±0.49a	16.22±0.98bc	35.78±0.78b	26.96±2.95c
T₂	4.75±0.53b	9.56±0.14a	6.91±0.17a	19.14±0.99a	36.65±0.92ab	22.98±1.2d
T₃	2.44±0.38c	6.65±0.34b	6.74±0.62a	19.36±0.81a	36.51±0.51ab	28.3±1.44c
T₄	5.31±0.36b	3.65±0.12f	5.73±0.35bc	17.17±0.51b	36.47±1.11ab	31.69±1.29b
T₅	4.68±0.60b	4.58±0.15cd	6.17±0.34ab	15.00±0.09c	38.09±0.83a	31.48±0.53b

处理	土壤机械稳定性团聚体质量分数
处理	>5 mm	5~3 mm	3~2 mm	2~1 mm	1~0.5 mm	0.5~0.25 mm
CK	3.02±0.28c	5.06±0.41c	5.34±0.46c	13.5±0.49d	32.22±1.17c	40.86±2.22a
T₁	9.76±1.21a	4.33±0.54d	6.96±0.49a	16.22±0.98bc	35.78±0.78b	26.96±2.95c
T₂	4.75±0.53b	9.56±0.14a	6.91±0.17a	19.14±0.99a	36.65±0.92ab	22.98±1.2d
T₃	2.44±0.38c	6.65±0.34b	6.74±0.62a	19.36±0.81a	36.51±0.51ab	28.3±1.44c
T₄	5.31±0.36b	3.65±0.12f	5.73±0.35bc	17.17±0.51b	36.47±1.11ab	31.69±1.29b
T₅	4.68±0.60b	4.58±0.15cd	6.17±0.34ab	15.00±0.09c	38.09±0.83a	31.48±0.53b

处理	有效磷/(mg/kg)	交换性钙/(mg/kg)	阳离子交换量/(cmol/kg)
CK	24.5±2.52cd	623.82±12.61cd	12.30±0.55a
T₁	30.44±7.45a	587.82±0.05d	12.43±0.16ab
T₂	27.18±3.07abc	665.78±55.56c	12.18±0.36ab
T₃	29.85±2.61ab	862.08±44.41a	11.90±0.19ab
T₄	26.06±2.44bcd	770.85±21.22b	11.84±0.23ab
T₅	22.84±1.69d	787.05±16.15b	11.55±0.38b

处理	有效磷/(mg/kg)	交换性钙/(mg/kg)	阳离子交换量/(cmol/kg)
CK	24.5±2.52cd	623.82±12.61cd	12.30±0.55a
T₁	30.44±7.45a	587.82±0.05d	12.43±0.16ab
T₂	27.18±3.07abc	665.78±55.56c	12.18±0.36ab
T₃	29.85±2.61ab	862.08±44.41a	11.90±0.19ab
T₄	26.06±2.44bcd	770.85±21.22b	11.84±0.23ab
T₅	22.84±1.69d	787.05±16.15b	11.55±0.38b

处理	产量(鲜重)/(kg/hm²)	单株穗粗/cm	百粒重(鲜重)/g
CK	17950.95±741.75a	5.40±0a	41.33±0.58ab
T₁	18434.4±761.25a	5.25±0.09bc	38.33±1.53c
T₂	18448.8±489a	5.17±0.06c	38.00±1.00c
T₃	18737.4±899.4a	5.23±0.06bc	38.67±0.58c
T₄	17763.3±729.9a	5.3±0.1ab	39.67±1.53bc
T₅	18124.05±278.25a	5.33±0.06ab	43.00±1.00a