Abstract: According to the areca production situation and soil fertility, the investigation was carried on in Hainan. The soil and plant samples of representative areca plantation were collected for determine and analysis with normal methods. The results showed that the soil organic matter content was low level(1.86%) in the areca plantation, the total nitrogen was extremely poor(0.0165%), the alkali-hydrolyzadle nitrogen was rich (103.0mg/kg), the available phosphorus content was low level(11.6mg/kg), the available potassium was in the medium level(73.9mg/kg), the content of Na+and Cl-in the soil were rich(average: 323.3 mg/kg and 72.7mg/kg). The Na+ content in the Areca leaves was very high. The production management of areca in Hainan was extremely extensive. The soil and water erosion in the areca plantation was very serious. It was very difficult to increase areca production because of low soil fertility.