Abstract: With the different culture mediums (liquid, sand, soil and cow dung), acute toxicity of Pb on earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was investigated in this paper. Studied the endurance of earthworm on Pb and the effect of various Pb forms on earthworm. The research results as follow: It was very different for the earthworms to the concentration of causing die. Pb concentration of half causing die(LD50) in liquid, sand, soil and cow dung were 354.41 mg/kg,360.95 mg/kg,1228.02 mg/kg and 3894.62 mg/kg, respectively. The earthworm had a good endurance to Pb in cow dung. It still could survive when the concentration t of Pb reached 15,000 mg/kg. The pollution of Pb in soils would restrain the earthworm recovery and growth rate, after 60d culture, especially in the concentration of 400 mg/kg and 444 mg/kg ,the earthworm，s recovery and growth rate were 0.6403 and -0.4358. The order were carbonate bound Pb> exchangeable Pb > organically bound Pb > MnO2-bound Pb > crystalline iron oxide bound Pb> amorphous iron oxide bound Pb > residual Pb