Current issue

• 2023 Vol.39 No.23 Published:15 August 2023

  Research Progress of Multi-omics Technologies in Plant Response to Abiotic Stress JI Yuan, YU Bing, CHEN Sixue 2023, 39 (23):  1-7.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0059 Abstract + ( 144 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1417KB )   ( 56 ) In order to elucidate the mechanism of plant response to abiotic stress and accelerate the improvement of plant breeding, the application of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics in plant response to abiotic stress was summarized. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics technologies were analyzed. The research progresses of multi-omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and phenomics in plant response to abiotic stress in recent years were generalized by key points in this paper. It was pointed out that there were some problems in the application of multi-omics technology in plants, such as weak correlation, insufficient data mining and so on. The overall mechanism of plant response to abiotic stress should be fully elucidated by using multi-omics technology. It was suggested that multi-omics techniques should be integrated, and bioinformatics analysis methods should be strengthened.

  Distribution Characteristics of Soil Carbon with Different Densities of a Moist Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province KONG Lingqian, LIU Xianbin, LI Yun 2023, 39 (23):  8-16.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0669 Abstract + ( 105 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1364KB )   ( 33 ) By investigating and comparing the vertical distribution pattern of soil carbon with different densities along the soil profile in the subtropical forest ecosystem, this study analyzed the important role of different types of soil in the decomposition, fractionation, deposition and preservation of carbon elements with varying densities in the forest ecosystem. This study was carried out in the subtropical moist evergreen broad-leaved primary forest ecosystem in Ailao Mountains of Yunnan Province. It took the primary soil of the upstream forest ecosystem and the warp soil of the downstream grassland ecosystem as the research soil types. With the stratified sampling method, we collected soil samples, and observed the vertical distribution pattern of soil organic carbon with different densities in the root layer (0-45 cm) in the soil profile. The study further compared and analyzed the differences between the soil carbon density fractionation method and the potassium dichromate oxidation method for determining soil total carbon. The results showed that the light carbon, middle carbon, heavy carbon and soil total carbon all were distributed in a decaying exponential pattern in the six soil profiles and two soil types, and the contents of the four measurement indicators in each soil layer of the warp soil profile were significantly higher than those of the primary soil profile in the corresponding depth of the soil layer, indicating that the unit volume of warp soil played a greater role in depositing soil carbon than the primary soil. Among the three kinds of soil carbon with different densities, the light carbon content was the lowest, the middle carbon content was the second, and the heavy carbon content was the highest. This finding indicated that most of the soil carbon formed soil aggregates with minerals and could not be directly used by soil microorganisms, soil animals and plant roots. Among the proportions of the three soil carbons with different densities in total soil carbon, the proportions of light carbon and middle carbon decreased with the increase of soil depth, and the proportion of heavy carbon increased with the increase of soil depth, indicating that different soil layers played different roles in depositing and preserving soil carbon with varying densities. The results of this study expand the scope and dimension of the research on the deposition rate and storage of soil carbon with different densities in various types of soil profiles in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems.

  Allelopathy Between Plants and Its Research Progress WANG Yuetong, GENG Gui 2023, 39 (23):  17-22.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0223 Abstract + ( 112 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1191KB )   ( 64 ) Allelopathy is a kind of plant interaction which exists widely in nature. This paper introduces allelopathy among plants, summarizes the classification of allelopathy substances, and the influencing factors of allelopathy. At the same time, in view of the mechanism of action of allelopathic substances, the effects on plant photosynthesis and the permeability of plant cell membrane are sorted out and reviewed, so as to provide reference for the subsequent research on allelopathy.

  Visual Analysis of Domestic Forest Health Landscape Planning and Design Based on Citespace HU Huazhen, ZHANG Jianguo 2023, 39 (23):  23-29.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0612 Abstract + ( 89 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1891KB )   ( 46 ) Based on Citespace, the literature on forest health landscape planning and design in CNKI literature was visually analyzed. It aimed to review the existing research results, grasp the research trends, and promote the design and research of forest health landscapes. In the CNKI Chinese database, 53 relevant documents were searched with the themes of forest health, landscape, plan and design, and the visual charts were generated by Citespace software, and then their development trends and progress were analyzed. The results showed that the research on forest health landscape planning and design was roughly divided into three periods. 2009-2014 was the initial period, 2015-2017 was the transition period, and 2018-2021 was the development period. There was still a lack of cooperation between scholars, institutions in the field of forest health research in China, and a research group with a certain system scale had not been formed. Although interdisciplinary research existed, it was not perfect, and the innovation of research was deficient. The research on forest health landscape planning and design needed to pay attention to the interdisciplinary cooperation and the cooperation between authors and institutions. It is necessary to transform theory into practice and build a forest health landscape planning and design with specific characteristics, rather than just staying at the stage of reference and surface. Forest health landscape planning and design should highlight its uniqueness. How to balance its functions is a very important part, which needs to improve the existing research and seek new breakthroughs.

  Study on Cultivated Land Quality Level in the Upper Reaches of Xiangjiang River Hilly Region based on AHP and GIS: Take Dong’an County as an Example LI Xiaoqing, WU Lin, HE Changyuan 2023, 39 (23):  30-38.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0873 Abstract + ( 112 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 2340KB )   ( 44 ) Cultivated land is the basis of food production, and the quality of cultivated land affects the comprehensive production capacity of cultivated land. The central and local governments have repeatedly pointed out the need to protect the red line of cultivated land and to stabilize the policy, area and yield of grain production. The area of mountainous and hilly areas in the Xiangjiang River basin is widely distributed, and it is important to study the quality level of cultivated land in mountainous hilly areas to deepen the protection of cultivated land and improve the land productivity of cultivated land in the basin. The cultivated land in Dong'an County, a typical mountainous and hilly area in the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River basin, was selected for quality evaluation. The results were analyzed by overlaying the soil map, current land use map and administrative division map of Dong’an County on the ArcGIS platform. The index weight was determined by hierarchical analysis, and the affiliation degree was determined by fuzzy mathematics, after the comprehensive weights were derived. The results showed that according to the evaluation standard of “quality grade of cultivated land” GB/T 33469—2016, the evaluation result was that the quality of cultivated land in Dong’an County was divided into 6 grades. Among them, the area of the third grade was 12793 hm2, accounting for the highest proportion of the total area, which was 37.4%; followed by the wide distribution area of the second grade and the fourth grade, which were 8648 hm2 and 6985 hm2, respectively, accounting for 25.3% and 20.4%; the area of other grades of land was relatively small. The content of effective phosphorus, fast-acting potassium and organic matter of cultivated land in Dong’an County was mostly at the middle level, and the area of cultivated land with soil nutrient characteristics of Grade I, Grade II and Grade III was widely distributed, which required some targeted measures to enhance the production capacity of cultivated land.

  Effects on Fruit Quality and Soil Environment of Continuous Cropping Strawberry: Microbial Agents Combined with Soil Conditioner WANG Lili, ZHU Shijun, SHEN Lan, JIN Shuquan 2023, 39 (23):  39-44.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0632 Abstract + ( 96 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1363KB )   ( 59 ) In order to study the effects of microbial agent combined with soil conditioner on continuous cropping strawberry, ‘Mengjin’ strawberry was selected as the test material. The fruit quality of 4 generations of strawberry was systematically investigated, soil enzyme activity and microbial diversity of rhizosphere soil were determined at the end of the study. The results showed that the activities of acid phosphatase, urease, sucrase and catalase of T3 (microbial agent combined with soil conditioner) were increased by 49.9%, 40.7%, 54.4% and 80.5% respectively compared with the control. In the 1-4 generations of strawberry, the soluble solids of treatment T3 were increased by 8.36%, 7.52%, 8.18% and 7.99% respectively; the solid acid ratio were increased by 14.14%, 12.78%, 14.55% and 15.60% respectively; the contents of Vc were increased by 7.30%, 7.68%, 6.02% and 6.76% respectively. Compared with the control, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes treated with T2 (microbial agent only) were increased by 12.71%, 173.38% and 297.14% respectively, and those treated with T3 increased by 17.23%, 56.18% and 180.0% respectively. This study provided a reference basis for the application of microbial agents and soil conditioner on continuous cropping soil.

  Diversity of Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of Phragmites australis in the Sandy Land and Saline-alkali Land at the Southern Margin of the Badain Jaran Desert XIONG Jianzhou, QI Yake, LI Chaozhou, JIAO Jian 2023, 39 (23):  45-54.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0089 Abstract + ( 81 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 2154KB )   ( 23 ) The fungal diversity and its relevant influencing factors of reed rhizosphere soil in sandy land and saline-alkali land at the southern margin of Badain Jaran Desert were studied. Typical sandy land and saline-alkali land were selected at the edge of desert in Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province, and the soils from four quadrates were collected (reed rhizosphere soils in saline-alkali land noted as YL, bare area soil in saline-alkali land noted as YD, reed rhizosphere soils in sandy land noted as SL and bare area soil in sandy land noted as SD) as experimental materials, determination and analysis of the soil fungal diversity in various plots was carried out by using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the fungal abundance of the soils in sandy lands was significantly higher than that in saline-alkali lands. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla in common in the soils of all quadrates, among which Ascomycota was the first dominant phylum, Basidiomycota was the second, and Hair follicle was the third dominant phylum, while Olpidiomycota existed only in YL, which was the fourth dominant bacterial phylum. The species diversity of fungal community was YL>YD>SL>SD; the order of fungal community uniformity was YL>YD>SD>SL, indicating that fungal species were the most balanced in YL, and fungi dominant species had the highest proportion in all fungi in SL. The composition of fungal communities in each soil of the quadrates was highly specialized, and the dominant flora differed significantly in different quadrates; Relevant analysis also showed that the soil water content was YL>YD>SL>SD, soil available phosphorus content and electrical conductivity were YD>YL>SD>SL; canonical correlation analysis (CCA) showed that nutrient factors and soil enzyme activities were related to soil microbial abundance significantly, and soil alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen content and pH value had the most significant effects on fungal communities. The inter-root distribution of reed can effectively improve the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of saline and sandy soils.

  Study on the Yield Forecast Model of Qaidam Lycium Barbarum based on Key Meteorological Factors LEI Yuhong, LI Chunhui, TUO Shuzhen, ZHANG Yingde, MA Xiulan, GAO Chengzhong, ZHONG Cun, YAN Liangdong 2023, 39 (23):  55-61.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1043 Abstract + ( 89 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1302KB )   ( 44 ) This paper used the meteorological data of lycium barbarum growing period from 2011 to 2020, and meteorological factors such as temperature, precipitation, sunshine and lycium barbarum production data from 1991 to 2019 in the main production area, and applied statistical methods such as stepwise regression, probability statistics, and chart analysis to study the forecasting model of lycium barbarum production based on key meteorological factors. The results showed that: (1) the growing periods which affected lycium barbarum production were leaf expansion, old eye branch flowering, spring branch flowering, old eye branch fruit ripening, autumn branch flowering, summer fruit ripening and autumn fruit ripening. (2) According to the soil moisture in the field, the first layer of water should be irrigated as early as possible to promote leaf expansion; when the daily maximum temperature exceeded 25℃, flowering and pollination would be adversely affected, and the rate of falling flowers increased; strong sunshine and long sunshine were conducive to fruit ripening, while strong wind and many windy days were easy to cause fruit falling; continuous overcast and rainy weather could easily induce black fruit disease and reduce the yield and quality of wolfberry; sunny day was good for harvesting and drying. (3) The prediction model of lycium barbarum established by 0.01 significant tests of meteorological factors and yield was used to test the yield in 2019, the accuracy rate reached 91.8%, and the relative error was 8.2%. It fully showed that the selected meteorological factors could accurately predict the yield of lycium barbarum in the region, with good forecasting accuracy, and could be applied in actual forecasting operations. (4) During the forecasting service of lycium barbarum yield, if there were significant changes in other influencing factors other than meteorological factors, the significant changes in trend yield should be considered, and the forecast results of the model should be adjusted in combination with the field survey to further improve the forecast accuracy.

  Study on Hail Numerical Simulation and Disaster Damage Assessment -Take Kiwi Fruit as an Example CHEN Fang, ZENG Xiaoshan, WANG Fangfang, LIU Yupeng, GU Xiaoping, HU Jiamin 2023, 39 (23):  62-69.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0627 Abstract + ( 90 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1981KB )   ( 47 ) To explore the impact assessment of hail on fruit, this paper took kiwi fruit as an example, calculated out the kiwi fruit damage assessment in the process of hail by ABAQUS finite element analysis, and combined with mechanical characteristics of kiwi fruit to calculate the damage in the hail process. The mechanical characteristics of kiwi fruit were surveyed and measured, and combined with hail landing speed, the force conversion relationship between kiwi fruit and hail impact process was calculated. The hail damage was analyzed by collision momentum method, the kiwi fruit critical damage diameter and index threshold were obtained. The results showed that the critical diameter of Guizhou kiwi fruit was bounded between 0.29-0.32 cm. When the diameter of the hail block was greater than the critical diameter value, the impact pressure of the hail block on kiwi fruit would break the hardness of the kiwi fruit, and make kiwi fruit pulp depression, seriously affected. When the hail diameter was less than the kiwi fruit critical diameter, the surface of kiwi fruit would not break, but would leave potholes. It was feasibility to study the hail impact by numerical simulation. According to the hail suppression characteristics and hail suppression parameters of different fruits, the planting area structure and fruit varieties could be adjusted to provide a theoretical basis for the analysis of artificial hail suppression benefits.

  Analysis of Frost and Drought Resistance of 'Qingpotato No.9' under Different Planting Patterns WU Zhiqi, CHEN Yongxu, WANG Yating 2023, 39 (23):  70-76.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0879 Abstract + ( 118 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1398KB )   ( 40 ) The study aims to get the information of drought resistance and frost resistance of potato in different planting ways, and provide meteorological services for farmers and production managers. 'Qingpotato No.9' was selected as the material, 8 planting patterns were set up to compare the frost and drought resistance effects by using variance and agrometeorological disaster risk index analysis. The results showed that the side planting of the full film double ridge and big ridge mask had a good effect because of the low risk index of good heat and moisture preservation performance. The risk index of ridge mulching, flat mulching and ridge furrow planting was smaller and with less effect. The rest four planting modes (no mulching film, double row, full sky star and parallel planting) had high risk index and poor effect of drought and frost resistance. Therefore, in Ningxia potato planting area with frequent drought and frost, the method of whole film double ridge big ridge mask side planting is recommended to farmers, which could achieve the effect of increasing production and improving quality.

  Temporal and Spatial Changes of Precipitation in the Growing Season of Natural Grass in Guoluo from 1961 to 2016 JIA Xuzhi, CAI Zhongzhou, XIANG Wen, DOU Hua 2023, 39 (23):  77-81.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0724 Abstract + ( 88 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1467KB )   ( 70 ) To reveal the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of precipitation in forage growing season and the relationship between precipitation and natural forage growth, and between precipitation and drought and flood in Guoluo of Qinghai, we used a method which is advanced and simple to conduct the study. The results showed that: (1) the main precipitation periods in Guoluo were divided into 1961-1969, 1970-1979, 1980-1991 and after 1992; from the perspective of space, the precipitation showed an obviously decreasing trend from southeast to northwest, the maximum precipitation amount was in Jiuzhi and the minimum was in Maduo; the maximum precipitation amount was 2.3 times of the minimum; and the precipitation in the central areas of Guoluo was close to the average value of the maximum and the minimum; (2) there was a significantly positive correlation between forage yield and average temperature and precipitation, and a significantly negative correlation between forage yield and sunshine hours; (3) the stage significantly higher than the PCD (precipitation concentrated degree) trend line coincided with the high-frequency period of rainstorm and flood, and the stage significantly higher than the PCP trend line coincided with the high-frequency period of drought.

  Effect of Dimethylsulfoxide on Improving the Absorption and the Palatability of Quinestrol QIN Jiao, LIU Quansheng 2023, 39 (23):  82-87.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0085 Abstract + ( 80 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1433KB )   ( 33 ) In order to improve the utilization of quinestrol in baits and the palatability of quinestrol baits to rats, efficient and safe pesticide adjuvants were screened and the bait preparation method was optimized. Taking Rattus losea as the research object, and single-feed method was employed to investigate the effects of the solvent dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the contraceptive effect and palatability of quinestrol drug bait. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect the content of quinestrol in brown rice in the different formulations of baits. The results showed that the content of quinestrol in rice grains of DMSO-quinestrol bait was 1.5 times higher than that in rice grains of quinestrol bait by high performance liquid chromatography. DMSO could increase the permeability of quinestrol. In addition, the amount of DMSO-quinestrol baits consumed by male and female Rattus losea were significantly lower than that of blank bait, the intake of quinestrol bait gradually decreased over time, and the third intake of quinestrol bait by male mice decreased by 37.3% compared to blank bait. The first intake of DMSO-quinestrol was only 24.1% of intake of quinestrol bait, and the digestion rate of blank bait was significantly higher than that of DMSO-quinestrol bait by 24.6% in female Rattus losea. Its body weight decreased significantly. The study clarifies that DMSO can achieve rapid and efficient dissolution of quinestrol and enhance its penetration in rough rice, thus realize the demand of pesticide and chemical fertilizer reduction and efficiency, DMSO is expected to be developed as a sterile agent formulation with good application prospect.

  The Detoxification Effect of Safeners of Cyclopropanesulfonamide and Isoxadifen-ethyl against Fenpyrazone in Corn LIAN Lei, WANG Hengzhi, LIU Weitang, ZHANG Yaozhong, JIN Yan, FENG Ke, HUANG Yizhao, CHEN Shuang, LU Xingtao, GAO Chuanjie 2023, 39 (23):  88-93.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0221 Abstract + ( 134 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1371KB )   ( 31 ) In order to optimize the application technology of fenpyrazone in corn (Zea mays Linn.) fields, the detoxification effect of safeners cyclopropanesulfonamide and isoxadifen-ethyl on fenpyrazone was studied in greenhouse targeted by ‘Liaodan 127’ maize, and the detoxification mechanism of cyclopropanesulfonamide was preliminarily studied by measuring the activity of glutathione transferase (GSTs) in maize. The results showed that under the treatment of effective component of fenpyrazone 360 g (a.i.) /hm2 stem and leaf spray, 7.5, 15, 30 g a.i. /hm2 of cyclopropanesulfonamide and isoxadifen-ethyl could improve the tolerance of ‘Liaodan 127’ maize to fenpyrazone, and the protection rate of plant height and fresh weight was between 117% and 269%. Among them, the protection rate of plant height and fresh weight of the treatment group treated with fenpyrazone combined with cyclopropanesulfonamide 15 g a.i. /hm2 reached the highest, with the protection rate of plant height and fresh weight of 133% and 269%, respectively. After adding the cyclopropanesulfonamide at 15 g a.i. /hm2, the enzymatic specific activity of GSTs in maize treated with fenpyrazone increased significantly within 1-9 days after application, and reached the maximum on the 5th day after application. In conclusion, cyclopropanesulfonamide increased the GSTs activity in maize, reduced the inhibitory effect of fenpyrazone on maize growth, and alleviated the herbicide damage in maize caused by fenpyrazone.

  Relationship Between Musk Yield, Apparent Traits and Age, Musk-extracted Time of Forest Musk Deer (Moschus berezovskii) WANG Yongqi 2023, 39 (23):  94-101.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0177 Abstract + ( 399 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1492KB )   ( 39 ) The study aims to explore the relationship between age, musk-extracted time and yield, quality of musk, and to supplement the information of musk secretion mechanism, quality traits and appropriate musk-extracted time. Stratified Random Sampling method was used to observe and statistically analyze the musk yield and color, shape of 59 forest musk deer (1-5 years old). The results showed that there was no significant effect on musk yield by age and musk-extracted time, but the musk yield of forest musk deer of 2.7-3.7 years old was higher than that of other age groups; the average musk yield of adult musk deer (>2 years old) was (17.636±6.642) g, which was 4.129 g higher than that of bred musk deer (≤ 2 years old) (13.444±3.356) g (P=0.002<0.05); the average musk yield of adult musk deer in March was (19.955±7.267) g, which was 4.759 g higher than that in September (15.196±5.0113) g (P=0.023<0.05); although there was no significant difference between the observed group and control group (P=0.230>0.05), individual forest musk deer had higher musk yield and a larger yield range. The proportion of powdery musk was 61.02%, blocky musk was 6.78%, dry mud or mud musk was 15%~17%, brown musk was 52.54%, dark brown musk was 13.56%, dark tan and tan musk were respectively11.86%, light brown musk was 6.78%, and chocolate brown and black tan musk were 1.69%, respectively; the powdery musk (85%) of bred musk deer was higher than that of adult musk deer (48.72%), and the proportion of brown musk was the highest (60%, 51.28%); Powdery musk of adult musk in March and September were 35% and 63.16%, blocky musk was 5% and 15.79%, dry mud musk was 15% and 21.05%, mud musk was 45% and 0.00%, respectively. In summary, there was no significant correlation between different ages, musk-extracted time and musk yield, musk yield of adult musk deer was significantly higher than that of bred musk deer, and musk yield in March was significantly higher than that in September; the observed musk deer population had the characteristics of wider distribution of musk yield and higher yield, which indicated that years of breeding had promoted the separation of quantitative characters of musk yield, and provided a preliminary basis for the establishment of the core population later; brown and powdery musk accounted for the highest proportion, and the musk with mud and high water content collected in March was significantly higher than that in September.

  Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritive Composition in Muscles of Cultured Leiocassis longirostris at Different Ages ZHAO Zhongmeng, ZHOU Jian, LI Qiang, WEI Zhen, KE Hongyu, ZHAO Han, DUAN Yuanliang, HUANG Zhipeng, WU Lixiao, ZHANG Lu 2023, 39 (23):  102-108.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0593 Abstract + ( 74 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1307KB )   ( 29 ) In this experiment, different age stages of L. longirostris were used as the research object. By measuring their muscle nutrients, the differences in muscle nutrition of different age stages were compared, and their muscle quality characteristics were scientifically evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of age, the moisture content decreased, whereas the contents of crude fat increased. The crude protein content in the muscle of the 2-year-old L. longirostris was significantly higher than that of the 3-year-old (P<0.05). In addition, the contents of calcium and phosphorus in L. longirostris muscles decreased with fish growth. Lysine was the highest essential amino acid and glutamate was the highest flavorful amino acid in their muscles. In muscle quality analysis, according to the amino acid and chemistry score, the first limiting amino acids were Methionine and cysteine, the second limiting amino acids were valine in the muscle of the different age stages. The results of nutritional quality evaluation showed that the essential amino acid index was the highest at 2 -year-old group. The types and contents of fatty acids were different in different age groups, but the content of Saturated fatty acid was significantly lower than that of unsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05).The content of monounsaturated fatty acids in polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in 2-year-old group, and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly higher in 3-year-old group. These results indicate that L. longirostris is a kind of high nutritional value, delicious, and high quality fish, and that L. longirostris in 2-year-old stage is the best, because of higher contents of crude protein and crude fat, better amino acid and fatty acid compositions in muscle.

  Effects of Starvation Stress on the Body Weight and Muscle Nutrition Composition of Nile Tilapia LI Qingyong, HUANG Qiubiao, YE Lin, LIU Yi, WU Shudong, ZHU Dexing, LIN Haiqiang 2023, 39 (23):  109-115.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0064 Abstract + ( 73 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1267KB )   ( 20 ) The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimal time of starvation stress for tilapia, and to provide reference for quality control of tilapia by considering both fish quality and economic benefits. The changes of body weight and muscle nutrition composition of Nile tilapia (837.78±86.78) g in different periods after fasting were analyzed. The results showed that the body weight of Nile tilapia decreased continuously with the increase of starvation time. At the end of the experiment (28 day post-starvation), the condition factor was 3.16 to 3.52, the body weight decreased by 14.35%, the liver-somatic index increased first and then decreased, the stomach-body ratio and viserosomatic index decreased gradually with time, the content of crude protein and fat in muscle decreased while the ash and moisture increased. In addition, the EAA/NEAA ratio in muscle was higher than 60%, and the content of fatty acids and trace elements showed dynamic changes. In conclusion, it is suitable for tilapia to fast for 14 to 21d according to the changes of body weight, mortality, and nutritional component and trace elements in muscle, as well as the taste and economic benefits.

  Effects of Culture Density on Growth of Penaeusvannamei and Water Quality in Biofloc Model SONG Hongqiao, GUAN Chongwu, ZHANG Yulei 2023, 39 (23):  116-120.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0655 Abstract + ( 86 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1392KB )   ( 33 ) In order to explore the effect of different densities on the growth of Penaeusvannamei and water quality under the biofloc culture mode, Penaeusvannamei with an average weight of 0.08 g and body length of 18 mm were selected for the experiment. The culture density was 280 tails/m2 in group A, 340 tails/m2 in group B, and 400 tails/m2 in group C. Two parallel comparative experiments were conducted for each density, and the experimental period was 50 days. The results showed that group A was the appropriate density, with an average body weight of 4.16 g, body length of 79.6 mm, survival rate of 88.95% and feed coefficient of 1.1, which were better than those of group B and group C. During the test, the quality of aquaculture water was also better than that of group B and group C with higher density. The breeding density of 280 tails/m2can be used as a reference for breeding.

  Acute Toxicity Effects of Methomyl on Organisms in Typical Aquatic Food Chain of Green Algae-Daphnia Magna-Fish MENG Shunlong, CHEN Feng, CHEN Xi, LI Mingxiao, QIU Liping, LI Dandan, SONG Chao, FAN Limin, CHEN Jiazhang, XU Pao 2023, 39 (23):  121-126.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0693 Abstract + ( 89 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1416KB )   ( 28 ) As the first, second and third trophic levels in the aquatic ecosystem, Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna, and Barchydanio rerio are important members of the simple aquatic food chain and participate in the material cycle and energy flow in the aquatic ecosystem. To elucidate the toxic effects of methomyl on aquatic organisms in different ecological niches along the food chain, the acute toxicity effects of methomyl on Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna, Barchydanio rerio had been done by using semi-static water contacting acute toxicity method. The results showed that the 96 h EC50 of methomyl to Chlorella vulgaris was 6.76 mg/L. The 24 h LC50, 48 h-LC50 and 96 h-LC50 of methomyl to Dqohnia magna were 57.37 μg/L, 22.23 μg/L and 12.58 μg/L, respectively. The 24 h LC50, 48h-LC50 and 96h-LC50 of methomyl to Barchydanio rerio were 8.64 mg/L, 5.00 mg/L and 2.12 mg/L, respectively. According to the grading standard of toxicity assessment for pesticide, methomyl was middle toxic to Chlorella vulgaris, extremely high toxic to Dqohnia magna, and high toxic to Barchydanio rerio, respectively. And therefore methomyl could cause the acute poisoning death of Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna and Barchydanio rerio in the natural environment. The safe concentrations of methomyl to Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna and Barchydanio rerio were 0.676 mg/L, 1.26 μg/L and 0.212 mg/L, respectively. And the toxicity of methomyl to Chlorella vulgaris, Dqohnia magna, Barchydanio rerio followed the order of Dqohnia magna> Barchydanio rerio> Chlorella vulgaris.

  Study on Water Environment Quality Monitoring and Cost Accounting of Lotus Root Shrimp Farming Model in Three Provinces LIU Zhuping, ZHENG Yao, LIU Shaozhen, LIAO Heting, WANG Ning, MENG Shunlong, CHEN Jiazhang, AN Shuwei, GU Lingling 2023, 39 (23):  127-137.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0705 Abstract + ( 74 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF ( 1516KB )   ( 35 ) In order to effectively solve the problems of high pollution and high discharge in the current fishery aquaculture water body and ensure the quality and yield of aquatic products, this paper put forward the lotus root shrimp farming model. By measuring the main water quality indexes such as TP, TN, NH3-N and Chl-a, the water environment quality and cost accounting of lotus root shrimp farming model of Hubei Province, Anhui Province and Jiangsu Province were analyzed and summarized. The results showed that TP, TN, Chl-a, CODMn and other physical and chemical indicators of water quality in the culture water showed an upward trend with the extension of aquaculture time. In the whole breeding process, the comprehensive nutritional status index of breeding water body increased first and then decreased. The economic benefits of Xinghua Shagou and Yangzhou Baoying (No. 3) lotus root-shrimp rotation pond were higher, and the environmental benefits of three ponds (named as No. 1/2/3) of Yangzhou Baoying lotus root-shrimp rotation pond were lower. The No. 3 lotus root-shrimp rotation pond in Yangzhou Baoying had a higher economic benefit, while the environmental benefit was lower than other detected ponds. From the perspective of comprehensive benefits, the lotus root shrimp farming model with crayfish breeding density of 300 kg/hm2 and lotus root planting density of 4500 kg/hm2 is recommended.

  Research Progress of Artificial Reef Construction and Its Mechanism GAO Yuhang, CHEN Xi, MENG Shunlong, HU Gengdong, LI Dandan, QIU Liping, SONG Chao, FAN Limin, XU Huimin, XU Pao 2023, 39 (23):  138-144.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0246 Abstract + ( 83 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1306KB )   ( 50 ) In order to further promote the in-depth development of artificial reef construction and clarify its mechanism, the author gives an overview of the construction of artificial reefs at home and abroad, and comprehensively expounds the classification examples of artificial reefs under different classification principles. The conservation effect of artificial reef construction on fishery resources is clarified, and the mechanism of artificial reefs is summarized from the perspectives of flow field effect, abiotic environment change and fishery resource proliferation. The requirements of material selection, construction and management of artificial reefs are put forward, as well as the development prospect of artificial reef and the key research direction of artificial reef construction in the future. The research provides reference for future artificial reef construction.

  Evaluation and Countermeasures of Multifunctional Development of Urban Modern Agriculture in Foshan CAI Xun, LIANG Junfen, FENG Shanshan, ZHOU Canfang 2023, 39 (23):  145-152.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0691 Abstract + ( 74 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1552KB )   ( 23 ) The purpose of this paper is to scientifically evaluate the development level of urban modern agriculture in Foshan and promote multifunctional and coordinated development of urban modern agriculture. On the basis of clarifying the connotation of urban modern agriculture, a multifunctional evaluation index system of urban agriculture was constructed, which contained four primary indicators, including scientific and technological innovation support, production supply guarantee, social life guarantee, and ecological conservation and restoration, and fourteen secondary indicators. Then, the entropy value method was applied to determine the index weights and measure the level of multifunctional development of urban modern agriculture in Foshan and its districts. The results showed that the development level of urban modern agriculture in Foshan increased from 19.88 in 2015 to 80.13 in 2020, with a significant growth trend in the four primary indicators. In terms of the development of each district, the multifunctional development level of urban modern agriculture in Shunde District and Gaoming District were in the forefront, while that in Chancheng District was the lowest. The multifunctional development of urban modern agriculture in Foshan, including science and technology, production, life and ecology, showed a rising trend of fluctuation. Besides, the functional characteristics of urban modern agriculture in each district are distinctive. Therefore, the urban modern agriculture development in Foshan should adopt the strategy of "One district, one policy", so as to promote the differentiated development according to local conditions.

  The Feasible Path and Supporting Policy for Rural Revitalization Enabled by Featured Agriculture YANG Dan, ZHU Chunzi, LIU Zimin 2023, 39 (23):  153-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0091 Abstract + ( 147 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1757KB )   ( 27 ) Featured Agriculture is advantageous agriculture, high-efficiency agriculture and brand agriculture based on the comparative advantages of regional resources, and is an important grasp to promote the development of agricultural modernization, promote farmers' income and build a strong agricultural country. This paper clarifies the meaning of featured agriculture, points out that featured agriculture has such basic attributes as regional uniqueness, advanced technology, industrial agglomeration and market risk, and sorts out the current situation and challenges of the development of featured agriculture in China. At present, the development of China's featured agriculture is effective, featured agriculture is gradually becoming more refined and stronger, and special agricultural industry clusters have been initially formed; however the development of China's featured agriculture is still constrained by small production scale, inconspicuous product characteristics, fewer investment channels and shorter industrial chains. Therefore, through promoting the development of featured agricultural industrialization, attracting and encouraging the elite to the countryside, giving play to the driving role of multiple subjects, excavating the connotation of rural culture, and establishing the concept of ecological and green development and other paths, we shall design supporting policies from the aspects of perfecting the market system of featured agricultural products, the investment and financing mechanism, the technical support system, and the risk avoidance mechanism, and correctly grasp and promote the development of featured agricultural industries in all regions to effectively realize the rural revitalization enabled by featured agriculture.