Top downloaded

• Published in last 1 year | In last 2 years| In last 3 years| All| Most Downloaded in Recent Month | Most Downloaded in Recent Year|

  In last 3 years

  Please wait a minute...
  

  For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails

  Select

  Analysis of Agro-meteorological Factors Causing Apple Florescence Freezing in Zepu ABASI Kerimu, MENG Fanxue, KUDERETI Rehanguli, WANG Jun, LI Huimin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 97-101.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1030 Abstract + (4821)    HTML (2298)    PDF (1210KB) (13748)       Knowledge map    Low temperature and freeze injury is one of three major disasters that endanger the development of fruit trees in Xinjiang. The daily meteorological data during 1991 to 2022 from meteorological station of Zepu and investigation data about freezing injury of apple florescence in recently years were used to analyze the cause of freezing injury. The results showed that: from 1991 to 2022, the apple flower bud expansion period, flower bud opening period, the beginning of flowering were ahead of time by 2.0 to 5.1 d/10 a; apple florescence freezing damage was significant when the temperature dropped suddenly in flowering period, the lowest temperature reached -2.0℃, and the duration below 0℃ was 0.5 h; the dominant disaster-causing factors included the maximum diurnal range of temperature (no less than 22℃), the extreme minimum temperature (no more than -2℃), the spring cold weather, severe cooling, long duration, precipitation weather with dust weather (sandstorm, sand-blowing and floating dust) and severe wind. After freezing injury, the soluble solids content and other indicators of apple decreased to different extents. Freezing injury in apple flowering period affected the quality of apple. It will be of great scientific significance and application value to study on the freezing damage in flowering period of Fuji apple in Zepu apple producing area.

  Select

  Analysis of Climate Quality Certification Indexes and Evaluation for Figs in Yuepuhu Kerimu ABASI, MENG Fanxue, Nuerpatiman MAIMAITIREYIMU, XIE Ye, Alimu AIERKEN Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (1): 78-82.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0002 Abstract + (4813)    HTML (2126)    PDF (1224KB) (13632)       Knowledge map    In this paper, the daily average temperature, extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours data of Yuepuhu General Weather Station during from 1991 to 2022 were analyzed by using climate tendency rate, cumulative anomaly climate statistical method to verify the climate quality for figs, and the effect of meteorological conditions on figs phenological phase and impact of meteorological factors, meteorological disaster on fig quality were primarily analyzed as well. The results showed that, according to this classification, the climate quality for figs in Yuepuhu garden spot were “excellent”. The research conclusion aims to provide scientific basis for improving fruit quality of fig cultivation and future rational management.

  Select

  Discussion on Food Production Capacity Issues in Guangdong Province Fang Wei, Hong Siyang, Zhang Lei Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (29): 160-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0465 Abstract + (266)    HTML (10)    PDF (1178KB) (360)       Knowledge map    Grain production is a strategic industry to stabilize people and secure the nation. Guangdong Province is the largest grain consumption region in China, and it is of practical significance to stabilize its grain production and ensure food security. Firstly, the study sorted out the basic situation of grain production in Guangdong, from 2010 to 2019, its grain yield and planting area were slightly decreased. Secondly, the study analyzed the restricting factors on grain production capacity of Guangdong, including the small scale of agricultural production, high cost of grain production, low economic benefit of grain production, prominent planting structure problems and low potential of agricultural mechanization. Finally, countermeasures were put forward from seven aspects, such as replanting abandoned arable land, adjusting planting structure, improving production capacity, thus providing useful references for stabilizing and improving the grain production capacity of the province.

  Select

  Changes of Vegetation Phenology and Its Response to Climate in Lvliang Mountain Area Wang Beibei, Zhou Shuqin, Jing Yaodong, Song Xiaojing Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (16): 102-107.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0595 Abstract + (436)    HTML (13)    PDF (6608KB) (305)       Knowledge map    The vertical difference of the topography in the Lvliang Mountain area is obvious, and the vegetation is sensitive to climate change. By studying the vegetation phenology change in the Lvliang Mountain area and exploring the response relationship between the vegetation phenology change and the climate, the research can provide reference for vegetation phenology research and ecological management in high altitude mountainous areas. Based on the MODIS NDVI time series data from 2000 to 2015, the vegetation phenology of the Lvliang Mountain area was extracted by dynamic threshold method and the temperature and precipitation were spatially interpolated and then the two key vegetation phenology periods and climatic factors were analyzed for partial correlation. The results showed that: (1) the region with the advanced vegetation SOS accounted for about 85.7%, of which 16.2% was significantly advanced; the region with the delayed vegetation EOS accounted for about 90.6%, of which 33.3% was significantly delayed; (2) the vegetation SOS in 74.8% of the region and 87.7% of the region was negatively related to temperature and precipitation respectively, as the temperature rose or the precipitation increased, the vegetation SOS advanced; vegetation SOS was significantly affected by temperature in April in high-altitude mountainous areas, while by precipitation in April in low-altitude areas; (3) the vegetation EOS in 72.6% of the region and 65.1% of the region was positively related to temperature and precipitation respectively; as temperature rose or precipitation increased, vegetation EOS was delayed; the vegetation EOS in the northern and western regions was significantly affected by the temperature in November while in high-altitude mountainous areas by precipitation in September. From 2000 to 2015, the vegetation phenology in the Lvliang Mountain area changed significantly, and each region had different responses to temperature and precipitation. This study can provide a scientific basis for regional phenology and climate change research and terrestrial ecological management.

  Select

  Nitrogen Application Rate and Mode: Effects on Yield and Dry Matter Accumulation and Transport After Flowering of Late Indica Rice LI Xinghua, WANG Huan, ZHANG Sheng, CAI Xingxing, ZHOU Qiang, ZHOU Nan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (9): 6-13.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0542 Abstract + (546)    HTML (15)    PDF (1734KB) (272)       Knowledge map    In order to establish suitable nitrogen application technology for late indica rice, we investigated the effects of nitrogen application rate and mode on the yield and dry matter accumulation and transport of late indica rice. Two late indica rice varieties, ‘Yi 9 You 447’ and ‘Yi 9 You 651’, were used as the materials. Two nitrogen application rates and three nitrogen application modes were set up, and no nitrogen application treatment was used as control. The yield and its components, dry matter accumulation and flag leaf SPAD value were determined. Compared with no nitrogen application, the effective panicle number and yield of late indica rice was increased by 12.3%-61.9% and 23.5%-35.6% by nitrogen application, respectively. After flowering, the flag leaf SPAD value attenuation rate was decreased by 5.9-8.5 percentage points, dry matter transport volume was increased by 0.8-1.1 times, and dry matter transport rate was increased by 5.5-10.2 percentage points under nitrogen application, compared with those under no nitrogen application. Nitrogen application modes had little effect on the yield and dry matter accumulation and transport after flowering of late indica rice. The highest yield and dry matter accumulation and transport rate were achieved in the combination of nitrogen rate of 270 kg/hm 2 and the application mode of basal, tillering, panicle and grain fertilizer in the ratio of 40%:20%:25%:15%. The highest nitrogen agronomic efficiency was observed in nitrogen rate of 180 kg/hm2 and the application mode of basal, tillering and panicle fertilizer in the ratio of 60%:20%:20%. When nitrogen rate was 180 kg/hm2, the ratio of nitrogen basal fertilizer should be increased. When nitrogen rate was 270 kg/hm2, the ratio and times of topdressing should be appropriately increased.

  Select

  The Forms and Classification Methods of Phosphorus in Soil: Research Progress YE Gengkang, E Shengzhe, CHEN Zhengyu, YUAN Jinhua, LU Gangbin, ZHANG Peng, LIU Yana, ZHAO Tianxin, WANG Yuxuan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (1): 96-102.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0041 Abstract + (792)    HTML (28)    PDF (1174KB) (267)       Knowledge map    Phosphorus in soil directly determines plant growth and crop yields, but phosphorus existing forms in soil are very complex, and those phosphorus forms that can be absorbed and utilized by plants account for only a small part of total phosphorus. Therefore, it is important to study the existing forms and classification methods of phosphorus in soil to improve the phosphorus use efficiency of crops, explore ways to enhance phosphorus availability, and reduce phosphorus loss. In this paper, the existing forms of phosphorus in soil, influencing factors of soil phosphorus availability and phosphorus classification methods were reviewed. The results show that the forms of phosphorus in soil consist of two major categories: inorganic phosphorus and organophosphorus, phosphorus absorbed by plants is mainly water soluble inorganic phosphorus, and other forms of phosphorus are difficult to be absorbed by plants, causing low utilization efficiency of phosphorus in soil. There are many factors that lead to low phosphorus use efficiency, mainly ions like calcium, iron and aluminum, and organic matter, pH, temperature, moisture etc. To study and improve the mechanism of the influencing factors could effectively enhance phosphorus utilization efficiency. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of phosphorus classification methods by domestic and foreign scholars, the effective forms of phosphorus have been studied more in-depth and accurately. Bowman-Cole organophosphorus classification method and Hedley’s phosphorus classification method are the two most widely used methods at present.

  Select

  Main Quality Characters of Wheat: A Review Ma Sishuang, Bai Haibo, Hui Jian, Wang Jingdong, Li Shuhua Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (24): 1-5.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0563 Abstract + (615)    HTML (27)    PDF (1173KB) (264)       Knowledge map    Wheat is the main food crop ensuring food production safety and boosting high quality development of agriculture in China, and the improvement of wheat quality becomes more and more urgent. The quality traits of wheat are complex. After years of genetic improvement, important progress has been made in the study of wheat quality traits, but the wheat quality improvement in China is still at a low level. In this paper, the research status of several important quality traits of wheat was briefly summarized, with the focus on the genetic improvement of traits that control the nutritional quality and processing quality of wheat. The paper mainly analyzed the genetic characteristics of wheat protein content, gluten content, starch content and sedimentation value, and reviewed the molecular genetic laws of each quality trait and the main genes related to regulation. With the development of molecular biology and biotech nology, the genetic regulation of wheat quality traits is clear, and molecular design breeding can be used as a key research method in the future.

  Select

  Effects of Nitrogen Application on Crop Growth and Yield Under Waterlogging Stress: A Review LI Xia, PAN Chen, WANG Xiaoyan, HOU Jun, YANG Jun, LI Rui, QI Dongliang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (12): 1-6.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0700 Abstract + (325)    HTML (18)    PDF (1111KB) (237)       Knowledge map    With the aggravation of climate change, the frequency and intensity of waterlogging disasters are increasing, which seriously restrict the sustainable crop production. It is an inherent and urgent demand for fully exploiting the potential of crops and improving their resistance to water stress and adaptability to climate change. With the in-depth study of physiological and biochemical mechanism of crop stress resistance, more attention has been paid to the important role of nitrogen application in stress resistance of crops. To further understand the regulatory effect and mechanism of nitrogen fertilizer on crop growth and yield under waterlogging conditions, the authors summarized the effects of waterlogging stress on photosynthesis of the aboveground part, antioxidant enzyme activity, membrane oxidation, endogenous hormone content, root growth and yield formation of crops, and the nitrogen regulation effects on these aspects, clarified the physiological mechanism of nitrogen fertilizer regulating crop growth and yield formation, and pointed out the problems in the study of nitrogen fertilizer regulating crop growth and yield under waterlogging stress. On this basis, we proposed some future research directions, such as applying new nitrogen fertilizer and modern high-tech technology, and breeding nitrogen efficient and stress resistant varieties to improve crop stress resistance.

  Select

  Five Biologicals: Effects on Seed-Tuber Sprouting, Plant Growth and Yield Traits Under Extreme Weather Chun Jun, Sang Youshun, Feng Yan, Chen Tao, Li Qian Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (29): 1-6.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0179 Abstract + (410)    HTML (120)    PDF (1239KB) (207)       Knowledge map    To meet the need of early-orderly-strong emergence of potato seedlings during season connection, the application of mechanized production technology and yield stability under adverse climatic conditions, ‘Favorita’was chosen as the test material, and five biologicals based on beneficial bacteria and engineering bacteria extracts were selected as the seed dressing, and the multiple characters of potato were analyzed. The five biologicals could promote the germination of seed tuber and the growth of both bud and root, advance seedling emergence for 2-7 days, and increase the emergence rate 49 days after sowing for 3.33%-17.78% compared with the control group. The best two are the ramification of yeast nucleotides and VDAL, whose effect on germination and root growth of seed tuber are significantly better than that of the control. The bio-agent dressing could accelerate the recovery of plants as well as the development of tubers after frost, with a yield-increasing of 8.39%-24.03% than that of the control, showing different levels of yield-stability effect. Four biologicals including Duomadaohe, ramification of yeast nucleotides, Gentai and VDAL are beneficial in stable production after frost and drought, and could be selected as seed tuber dressing in potato cultivation.

  Select

  Crop Straw Returning: A Review Chen Wanhua, Yuan Wei, Wang Ziyang, Zhou Zhengping, Liu Shiping Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (21): 54-58.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0545 Abstract + (503)    HTML (10)    PDF (1006KB) (205)       Knowledge map    Crop straw returning is an important technical way to increase soil fertility, which can effectively solve the environmental problems caused by straw waste and field straw burning. In order to study the technology of straw returning and use straw returning efficiently and rationally, this study reviewed the current situations of the utilization of crop straw resources, the approach of straw returning, and the common technical modes and applications of straw returning. The effects of crop straw returning on the ecological environment of farmland and crop yield were elucidated. This study also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of straw returning and proposed the directions of future research, and then pointed out that the key to the future development of crop straw returning is to combine agronomy with agricultural machinery.

  Select

  The Application Effect of Degradable Film in Potato Production CHEN Ruiying, ZHAO Peirong, LIU Hongjin, ZHANG Lei, GUO Xiaoyu Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (6): 37-41.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0352 Abstract + (266)    HTML (14)    PDF (1300KB) (205)       Knowledge map    To clarify the application effect of degradable film in potato production, in this study, 7 kinds of degradable film were selected to carry out field and landfill experiments to analyze the effects of different film mulching treatments on potato yield and film degradation performance. The results showed that the potato yield of film mulching treatment was 4.35%-14.62% higher than that of bare ground treatment, and the potato yield of 4 degradable film treatments was 1.48%-7.01% higher than that of common film mulching, but the effect was not significant (P>0.05). In the whole growing period, the soil temperature increased first and then decreased. In May and June, the soil temperature of film mulching treatment was 0.42-1.29℃ and 0.39-1.09℃ higher than that of bare ground treatment respectively, and in July, the soil temperature of common film mulching was 0.52-1.36℃ higher than that of other treatments. All degradable films entered the induction period 12 to 22 days after mulching, and all of them were in the big split period at harvest time. After one year of landfill, the 4 kinds of whole biodegradable film were degraded at different degrees, and the 3 kinds of oxidized biodegradable film were not degraded. The results showed that the effect of degradable film on potato yield and soil temperature was basically the same as that of common film. Although the degradation rate of degradable film was slow and the degradation degree was low of the very year, it could be popularized and used in the long run. T1 degradation film is recommended to be popularized locally.

  Select

  Research Progress of Organic Carbon in Soil Aggregates Zhu Kunheng, Duan Liangxia, Li Yuanchen, Li Zhenwei Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (21): 86-90.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0604 Abstract + (1151)    HTML (26)    PDF (1065KB) (193)       Knowledge map    Soil organic carbon is an important index to measure soil fertility and plays an important role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and increasing nutrient availability. Soil aggregate is the important component of the soil and the minimum unit of soil structure, influenced by natural factors and human factors, its formation process is closely related to soil carbon process, thus research the relationship between soil aggregate and organic carbon and aggregate organic carbon influencing factors for the improvement of soil structure and soil quality is of great significance. Based on the literature summary, we clarified the relationship between soil aggregate and organic carbon, elaborated the influence of soil type, fertilization method, land utilization and reclamation of mining area on soil aggregate organic carbon, and discussed soil aggregate organic carbon from the perspectives of long-term positioning research of the biomass carbon and soil reclamation of the mining area, the results could provide a scientific basis for agricultural production.

  Select

  Differences in Absorption, Distribution and Utilization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Sulfur Among Peanut Varieties Si Xianzong, Zhang Xiang, Suo Yanyan, Li Liang, Li Yafei, Yu Qiong, Qiu Lingjun, Yu Hui Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (16): 1-7.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0028 Abstract + (341)    HTML (12)    PDF (1223KB) (192)       Knowledge map    In peanut producing areas of southern Henan, the absorption, distribution and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sulfur among different peanut varieties were studied by field random block experiments under optimized fertilization conditions, aiming to provide technical support for rational application of fertilizers with the above elements in peanut production. Results showed that the contents of N, P and S in peanut kernel were high in ‘Zhuhua 1’ (5.150%), ‘Kainong 71’ (0.558%) and ‘Jihua1 3’ (0.277%), respectively; the contents of K and Ca in the stem and leaf were the highest, the content of K in‘Zhonghua16’ was 0.940% and the content of Ca in ‘Zhonghua 24’ was 1.637%, respectively. The accumulation rate of N, P and S in peanut kernel was the highest in ‘Yuhua 40’, which was 288.436, 25.505 and 15.263 kg/hm 2, respectively; the accumulation rate of K and Ca in the stem and leaf was highest in ‘Yuhua 37’ (80.760 kg/hm 2) and ‘Zhonghua 24’ (54.084 kg/hm 2), respectively. The demanding rate of N, P2O5, K2O, CaO and S for 100 kg peanut pod was 3.920-5.042, 0.905-1.293, 1.626-2.721, 0.777-1.150 and 0.270-0.343 kg, respectively. Under the experiment conditions, for producing 100 kg peanut pod, the demanding rate of nitrogen of ‘Yuhua 22’, phosphorus of ‘Zhonghua 24’, and potassium, calcium and sulfur of ‘Shanghua 5’ were the lowest, while the nitrogen demanding of ‘Zhuhua 1’, the phosphorus, potassium and sulfur demanding of ‘Kainong 71’, and the calcium demanding of ‘Zhonghua 24’ were the highest.

  Select

  Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index and Its Application in Agricultural Drought Monitoring Jiang Lanqi, Wang Ping, Jiang Lixia, Gong Lijuan, Li Xiufen, Zhang Hengchong, Wang Xiaodi Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (29): 132-139.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0011 Abstract + (294)    HTML (12)    PDF (3918KB) (164)       Knowledge map    Accurate and timely monitoring of crop drought conditions can provide strategies for responding to crop disasters and crop losses, and against financial loss. The study took Heilongjiang Province, a major agricultural province in China, as the research area. Based on the temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI), with high sensitivity and precision, the study monitored the drought degree and spatial and temporal pattern in the growth period of dry crop. Savitzky-Golay (S-G) filter method was selected to remove normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST) noise, then the TVDI was calculated from the re-created NDVI and LST data. Combined with local meteorological data and soil moisture data observed simultaneously in field, the TVDI was verified quantitatively. The results show that: NDVI-LST feature space established in this paper accords with triangular relationship, which is consistent with the previous research results. TVDI has significant negative correlation with surface soil moisture in different growth stages, and it shows that TVDI has the ability to reflect the dry and wet conditions of soil. Based on the TVDI drought classification grade results, drought occurs in each period of dry crop growth period in 2017, and the frequency and range of drought in western are higher than that in eastern Heilongjiang Province. At the beginning of sowing season, spring drought is more serious in the western part of Heilongjiang, especially in Qiqihar City. In early July, the influence of drought on the western part of Heilongjiang is alleviated,and the impact of the drought is gradually shrinking. The correctness rate of drought grade between TVDI and soil moisture is relatively high, and the consistency of the correctness rate basically reaches 90%. In conclusion, the TVDI index constructed based on MODIS data can reflect the agricultural drought in Heilongjiang Province. Our study can provide a basis for agricultural drought monitoring, as well as scientific reference for drought relief in Heilongjiang Province.

  Select

  Blockchain-Based Agricultural Traceability: Advantages and Challenges LV Xingchen, MENG Jun Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (9): 157-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0547 Abstract + (610)    HTML (20)    PDF (3656KB) (159)       Knowledge map    With the continuous improvement of consumers’ requirements for the quality and safety of agricultural products, rapid response, efficient control and safety guarantee have become important topics in the field of modern agricultural products’ safety. Due to the lack of original information, the opacity of information and the poor reliability of the traditional traceability system, consumers do not trust the traceability technology of agricultural products. In addition, organizations do not trust each other, information fault often occurs, and it is difficult to trace responsibilities in face of the problems. The effect of safety control is difficult to meet social needs. Blockchain technology has the characteristics of traceability, non-tampering and decentralization, which can well offset the defects of traditional traceability system. As an emerging technology, blockchain has great potential in the traceability of agricultural products. However, the advantages, challenges and urgent problems of agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain technology have not been fully discussed. Taking rice traceability system as an example, this paper puts forward the framework design of agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain technology, and introduces how to obtain the rice supply chain data information through the Internet of Things technology in detail. Finally, the paper analyzes the advantages and challenges of the agricultural product traceability method based on blockchain technology. This paper can provide certain information on the agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain technology for researchers and practitioners and have a positive impact on improving the sustainability of agricultural products.

  Select

  Mixed Application of Superphosphate and Organic Fertilizer: Effects on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Wheat in Saline Alkali Soil Xue Yuansai, Shi Changhai, Wang Yuanxi, Wu Zhen, Zhang Shoufu, Liu Yiguo Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (20): 1-6.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0508 Abstract + (250)    HTML (8)    PDF (1264KB) (159)       Knowledge map    Different fertilization measures were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for wheat production in saline alkali soil. ‘Qingmai 6’ was used as experimental material, and four processing methods were set up: compound fertilizer (CK), organic fertilizer (T1), superphosphate (T2), organic fertilizer and superphosphate (T3). The effects of different measures on the photosynthetic characteristics of wheat flag leaves and yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that, compared with other treatments, T3 treatment increased chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area index (LAI), photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of wheat in saline alkali soil, while it reduced the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) of flag leaves. At the late flowering stage, the increase range of T3 was more obvious, which effectively guarantee the photosynthesis at the late flowering stage. Compared with other treatments, T3 could significantly increase the ear number, kernel number per spike, and 1000-grain weight, and promote the increase of yield. The yield of T3 reached 8523.32 kg/hm2. Therefore, the results indicate that the mixed application of organic fertilizer and superphosphate fertilizers (T3) can be used as proper fertilization practice of wheat in saline alkali soil.

  Select

  The Mechanism of Soil Nitrogen Mineralization: Research Progress XU Lingqing, LI Jiajia, CHANG Xiao, ZHANG Yunlong, LIU Dali Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (34): 97-101.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0587 Abstract + (860)    HTML (11)    PDF (1234KB) (154)       Knowledge map    Inorganic nitrogen is an important source of nitrogen for crops to absorb and utilize. The mineralization capacity of soil organic nitrogen determines the soil capacity of providing nitrogen to crops. The mineralization of soil organic nitrogen is mainly driven by soil microorganisms. It is the process of decomposing organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen under the action of microorganisms. The change of the mineralization rate of organic nitrogen is mainly attributed to the change of soil microorganisms after the change of environmental factors. The study of soil nitrogen mineralization is of great significance to soil nitrogen cycle and soil nitrogen supply capacity. This paper reviewed the mechanism of microbial action in the process of soil nitrogen mineralization, and discussed the effects of microbial changes on soil nitrogen mineralization rate under different environmental factors, as well as the interaction mechanism of plant-soil-microbes. The study can provide theoretical reference for exploring the soil nitrogen mineralization process and improving soil nitrogen supply capacity.

  Select

  Research Status and Progress of Erosion Gully on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region of Northeast China Geng Yuhan, Xiao Yang, Zhang Meizhi, Wang Yan, Zhang Zhenye, Zhang Ruihao Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2021, 37 (21): 80-85.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0583 Abstract + (382)    HTML (18)    PDF (1212KB) (153)       Knowledge map    The erosion gully has caused a large amount of soil loss on the sloping farmland in the black soil area of northeast China. Research on the erosion gullies on the sloping farmland in the black soil area is of great significance for soil erosion control, farmland protection and ecological restoration. At present, relevant researches had been carried out on the influencing factors, prediction and prevention measures of the occurrence and development of erosion gullies on slope farmland in black soil area. This article conducted an in-depth discussion on the current research, and pointed out that the current classification of erosion gullies in black soil areas lacked detailed standard classification basis, and the research on the influence factors was not comprehensive enough, and there was a lack of effective quantitative evaluation on the economic and ecological benefits of erosion ditch management and the effect differences of various treatment measures. In view of the existing research deficiencies, the study proposed that future research should be focused on standardizing the classification and grading system of erosion gullies in the black soil area, the influence of factors such as soil, plants, engineering measures and farming measures on the erosion gullies, and the quantitative evaluation of the effects of erosion gully control measures.

  Select

  Interaction Between Tillage Modes and Nitrogen Application Rates: Effects on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat WANG Fuyu, CHEN Guiju, SUN Leiming, HUANG Ling, SHAO Minmin, ZHAO Kai, YANG Benzhou, ZHANG Yudan, YAN Lu, WANG Lin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (9): 20-26.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0450 Abstract + (530)    HTML (15)    PDF (1477KB) (152)       Knowledge map    To find out the best tillage mode and nitrogen application rate of wheat in southwest Shandong, using ‘Shannong 20’ as the experimental material, the effects of four tillage modes (T1: no straw returning no tillage, T2: straw returning no tillage, T3: straw returning two rotary tillage, T4: straw returning deep tillage) and three nitrogen application rates (N1: 225 kg/hm 2, N2: 165 kg/hm2, N3: 300 kg/hm2) on wheat yield and quality were studied. The results showed that the grain yield of wheat increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Under the same nitrogen application level, the yield of T4 was the highest, reaching 8210.59 kg/hm2, which was 2.25%, 5.71% and 8.61% higher than that of T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Under the same tillage mode, the yield of N3 was the highest. The interaction effect of tillage mode and nitrogen application rate on wheat grain protein content and wet gluten content was extremely significant, and increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. T4 significantly increased the protein content of wheat grain, and nitrogen application rate increased dough formation time, stability time and water absorption. Therefore, the implementation of deep tillage combined with nitrogen application rate of 300 kg/hm2 in southwestern Shandong is the best tillage and nitrogen application mode for wheat production to achieve high yield and high quality.

  Select

  Cultivated Land Quality Grade Evaluation of High-standard Farmland in Guoyang County DING Qixun, TANG Mengmeng, LI Zijie, JIANG Wenjuan, ZHANG Xuewei, MA Youhua Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (4): 46-52.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0252 Abstract + (271)    HTML (2)    PDF (1191KB) (150)       Knowledge map    The study aims to provide reference for the cultivated land quality evaluation and acceptance inspection of newly constructed high-standard farmland. According to the standard of Cultivated Land Quality Grade (GB/T 33469—2016), this paper evaluated the cultivated land quality grade of the newly constructed high-standard farmland by ArcGIS in Guoyang County, Anhui Province. It also analyzed the change of cultivated land quality grade before and after the construction and the improvement degree of the evaluation indexes. The results showed that the average cultivated land quality grade was 3.17 for the newly constructed high-standard farmland in Guoyang, which was increased by 1.07 grade compared with that of before the construction in 2019. The area of high-yield farmland in the project area increased significantly from 439.94 hm 2 to 1653.14 hm2; the area of middle-yield farmland decreased significantly from 2283.65 hm2 to 1144.87 hm2. Through the analysis of subsoiling and land levelling, irrigation and drainage projects, and the shelterbelt projects in the construction of high-standard farmland, this study discussed the effect mechanism of high-standard farmland construction on the evaluation indexes of plough layer thickness, texture of plough layer, irrigation and drainage benefits, farmland windbreak network, obstacle factors and so on.